Wrapping a catastrophic command in a bare subshell or brace group walked
straight past the unconditional hardline floor -- even under --yolo,
/yolo, approvals.mode=off, and cron approve mode. The command-substitution
forms were already caught; the bare paren / brace-group forms were the gap.
Rather than add the paren and brace openers to the flat _CMDPOS pattern
class (which cannot tell a real subshell opener from one sitting inside a
quoted argument, and would false-positive on ordinary prose such as a PR
title that merely mentions the trigger word), teach the existing
QUOTE-AWARE command-start tokenizer (_iter_shell_command_starts) to treat
the paren and brace openers as command starts, then emit a detection
variant that marks each real command start with a newline (already a
_CMDPOS separator). Openers inside quotes never register as starts, so
quoted arguments are left untouched while real subshell/brace bypasses now
anchor. One place covers every _CMDPOS rule (shutdown/reboot/init/
systemctl/telinit and the rm root/home/system floor).
Tests: subshell/brace bypasses added to the hardline-block, root-wipe, and
yolo-bypass sets; a regression set asserts quoted paren/brace prose is NOT
blocked (guards our own gh-pr-create workflow).
rm -rf //, /., /./, /.. and //* all resolve to / in the shell but slipped
past the root-filesystem hardline pattern, whose target group only matched
the literal / and /* tokens. They fell to the softer DANGEROUS_PATTERNS
'delete in root path' rule, which --yolo / approvals.mode=off / cron
approve-mode are designed to bypass — leaving the one unconditional floor
open to a full root wipe under yolo.
Broaden the root token from '/|/\\*|/ \\*' to '/[/.]*\\**' inside
_hardline_rm_path so any root-anchored path whose components collapse back
to / (repeated slashes plus ./.. segments) with an optional trailing glob
is caught. A trailing real segment (/tmp, /home, /.ssh) still fails to
match and stays with the softer rules.
Co-authored-by: kernel-t1 <214165399+kernel-t1@users.noreply.github.com>
A literal "rm -rf /" carried as DATA inside another command's quoted
argument — a PR title, a git commit -m message, an echo/printf arg —
tripped the unconditional root-filesystem hardline and could not run at
all. `gh pr create --title "block rm -rf / spellings"` was blocked
outright, because the bare rm path branch matched the mid-string "rm"
(via \brm) with the space after "/" satisfying its (\s|$) terminator.
Anchor the shared _RM_FLAG_PREFIX to _CMDPOS so the rm hardline rules
fire only when rm is an actual command word (start of line, after a
separator ; && || |, after a subshell opener $()/backtick, or after
sudo/env/exec wrappers) — not when the string appears as an argument
value. Broaden the bare-path terminator to also accept shell
metacharacters ) ` ; | & so a real wipe inside a command substitution
is still caught.
The quoted-path branch is unchanged, so quoted root/HOME paths stay
blocked. Adds regression tests for both directions: data-arg false
positives must NOT block, real wipes at every command position must block.
`_normalize_command_for_detection` strips backslash-escapes before matching
DANGEROUS_PATTERNS and HARDLINE_PATTERNS, but the strip rule was
`re.sub(r'\\([^\n])', r'\1', ...)` — its `[^\n]` class deliberately skips
newlines. A backslash immediately followed by a newline is a POSIX line
continuation: the shell removes BOTH characters and joins the tokens, so
`rm -rf \<newline>/` executes as `rm -rf /`. With the dangling backslash left
in place, the structured rm/dd/mkfs patterns no longer match because a literal
`\` sits wedged between the tokens they expect to be adjacent.
The worst consequence is on the HARDLINE floor. The dangerous-command layer
still fired here only by accident (the generic `\brm\s+-[^\s]*r` "recursive
delete" rule needs no path), and that layer is bypassed by `--yolo` /
`approvals.mode=off`. The hardline blocklist — the unconditional floor reserved
for catastrophic, unrecoverable commands and meant to hold even under yolo —
anchors the root path directly after the flags, so `rm -rf \<newline>/`,
`rm -r\<newline>f /`, and `rm -rf \<newline>~` all slipped past it entirely.
A yolo session could therefore wipe the root filesystem.
The fix collapses line continuations (`\` + `\n` or `\r\n`) to nothing,
mirroring the shell, before the existing escape strip runs. This was the gap
left by 621bf3a87, which added the escape strip but only for non-newline chars.
## What does this PR do?
Closes a shell line-continuation bypass in the dangerous-command detector.
Before: `rm -rf \<newline>/` normalized to `rm -rf \<newline>/`, so the
hardline root-delete patterns did not match and the command could run under
`--yolo`. After: line continuations are collapsed first, the command
normalizes to `rm -rf /`, and the hardline floor blocks it unconditionally.
## Related Issue
N/A
## Type of Change
- [x] 🔒 Security fix
## Changes Made
- `tools/approval.py`: in `_normalize_command_for_detection`, add
`command = re.sub(r'\\\r?\n', '', command)` ahead of the existing
backslash-escape strip so shell line continuations (`\`+newline, LF or CRLF)
are removed exactly as the shell would, instead of leaving a stray backslash
that breaks the structured patterns.
- `tests/tools/test_hardline_blocklist.py`: add a parametrized
`test_hardline_blocks_line_continuation` covering the root, in-flag, home,
CRLF, and mkfs continuation forms, plus
`test_line_continuation_root_wipe_cannot_bypass_hardline` asserting the
continuation root wipe stays blocked even with `HERMES_YOLO_MODE=1`.
## How to Test
1. Reproduce: stash the `tools/approval.py` change and run
`scripts/run_tests.sh tests/tools/test_hardline_blocklist.py` — the new
line-continuation cases fail (`rm -rf \<newline>/` is not flagged hardline,
and leaks past the floor under yolo).
2. Restore the change and rerun the file — all 106 tests pass.
3. Regression: `scripts/run_tests.sh tests/tools/test_approval.py` (the
existing fullwidth/ANSI/null-byte normalization and multiline cases still
pass).
## Checklist
### Code
- [x] I've read the Contributing Guide
- [x] My commit messages follow Conventional Commits (`fix(scope):`, `feat(scope):`, etc.)
- [x] I searched for existing PRs to make sure this isn't a duplicate
- [x] My PR contains **only** changes related to this fix/feature (no unrelated commits)
- [x] I've run `pytest tests/ -q` and all tests pass
- [x] I've added tests for my changes (required for bug fixes, strongly encouraged for features)
- [x] I've tested on my platform: macOS 15 (Darwin 25.5.0)
### Documentation & Housekeeping
- [x] I've updated relevant documentation (README, `docs/`, docstrings) — or N/A
- [x] I've updated `cli-config.yaml.example` if I added/changed config keys — or N/A
- [x] I've updated `CONTRIBUTING.md` or `AGENTS.md` if I changed architecture or workflows — or N/A
- [x] I've considered cross-platform impact (Windows, macOS) — handles both LF and CRLF line endings
- [x] I've updated tool descriptions/schemas if I changed tool behavior — or N/A
# Conflicts:
# tools/approval.py
## What does this PR do?
Closes a critical hole in the hardline command floor. HARDLINE_PATTERNS is
the unconditional last line of defense: detect_hardline_command runs BEFORE
every yolo / approvals.mode=off / cron approve-mode bypass, so it is the only
gate standing between the agent (or a prompt-injected instruction) and an
irrecoverable disk wipe. The three rm rules anchored on a bare path token,
and _normalize_command_for_detection never strips shell quotes — so the
ordinary, recommended shell idioms slipped straight through:
rm -rf "/" rm -rf '/' rm -rf "/etc"
rm -rf "$HOME" rm -rf ${HOME} rm -rf "${HOME}"
All of these returned NO hardline match. A leading quote pushes the path out
of reach of the flag group, a trailing quote breaks the `(\s|$)` terminator,
and the `${HOME}` brace form was never listed at all. Under --yolo,
approvals.mode=off, or cron approve-mode the dangerous-command layer is also
skipped, so these commands reached execution with zero gate — exactly the
unrecoverable data loss the floor is documented to make impossible. Because
quoting paths and `${HOME}` are normal shell usage, not exotic obfuscation,
this is a high-severity, easily-triggered bypass.
The fix makes the rm path matcher quote- and brace-tolerant while staying
conservative: a path is matched when it is either fully wrapped in its own
matching quote pair (`"/"`) or bare with a whitespace/end terminator. The
matching-quote requirement is deliberate so the change adds no new false
positives — a dangerous-looking string that is merely an argument to another
command (e.g. `git commit -m "rm -rf /"`) has a closing quote but no opening
quote of its own around the path, so neither branch fires.
## Related Issue
N/A
## Type of Change
- [x] 🔒 Security fix
## Changes Made
- `tools/approval.py`: added `_hardline_rm_path()` (matches a destructive
path either fully quoted or bare-with-terminator), factored the protected
system-dir list into `_HARDLINE_SYSTEM_DIRS` and the rm flag prefix into
`_RM_FLAG_PREFIX`, and rebuilt the three rm `HARDLINE_PATTERNS` on top of
them, adding the `${HOME}` brace form. Kept as plain concatenation so regex
backslashes never land inside an f-string field (Python 3.11 floor).
- `tests/tools/test_hardline_blocklist.py`: added quoted (`"/"`, `'/'`,
`"/etc"`, `"$HOME"`, ...) and brace (`${HOME}`, `"${HOME}"`) cases to the
must-block set, a dedicated `_QUOTED_BRACE_BYPASS` regression parametrization,
no-false-positive guards (`git commit -m "rm -rf /"`), and extended the
yolo-cannot-bypass integration test to cover the quoted/brace forms.
## How to Test
1. Reproduce the bypass on `main`: `detect_hardline_command('rm -rf "/"')`
returns `(False, None)` — the floor lets it through.
2. With this change it returns `(True, "recursive delete of root filesystem")`;
the same holds for `'/'`, `"/etc"`, `"$HOME"`, `${HOME}`, `"${HOME}"`.
3. Run the suite: `scripts/run_tests.sh tests/tools/test_hardline_blocklist.py`
— 125 passed, including the new bypass and no-false-positive cases.
## Checklist
### Code
- [x] I've read the Contributing Guide
- [x] My commit messages follow Conventional Commits (`fix(scope):`, etc.)
- [x] I searched for existing PRs to make sure this isn't a duplicate
- [x] My PR contains **only** changes related to this fix (no unrelated commits)
- [x] I've run the relevant tests and they pass
- [x] I've added tests for my changes (required for bug fixes)
- [x] I've tested on my platform: macOS 15 (Darwin 25.5)
### Documentation & Housekeeping
- [x] I've updated relevant documentation (README, `docs/`, docstrings) — or N/A
- [x] I've updated `cli-config.yaml.example` if I added/changed config keys — or N/A
- [x] I've updated `CONTRIBUTING.md` or `AGENTS.md` if I changed architecture or workflows — or N/A
- [x] I've considered cross-platform impact (Windows, macOS) — pattern-only change, ruff + footgun gate pass
- [x] I've updated tool descriptions/schemas if I changed tool behavior — or N/A
Remove unused imports (F401) and duplicate/shadowed import
redefinitions (F811) across the codebase using ruff's safe
autofixes. No behavioral changes -- imports only.
- ~1400 safe autofixes applied across 644 files (net -1072 lines)
- __init__.py re-exports preserved (excluded from F401 removal so
public re-export surfaces stay intact)
- Re-exports that are imported or monkeypatched by tests but look
unused in their defining module are kept with explicit # noqa:
F401 (gateway/run.py load_dotenv; run_agent re-exports from
agent.message_sanitization, agent.context_compressor,
agent.retry_utils, agent.prompt_builder, agent.process_bootstrap,
agent.codex_responses_adapter)
- Unsafe F841 (unused-variable) fixes deliberately skipped -- those
can change behavior when the RHS has side effects
- ruff lints remain disabled in pyproject.toml (only PLW1514 is
selected); this is a one-time cleanup, not a config change
Verification:
- python -m compileall: clean
- pytest --collect-only: all 27161 tests collect (zero import errors)
- core entry points import clean (run_agent, model_tools, cli,
toolsets, hermes_state, batch_runner, gateway)
- static scan: every name any test imports directly from an edited
module still resolves
* remove Vercel AI Gateway provider and Vercel Sandbox terminal backend
Both Vercel-hosted integrations are removed end-to-end. Users on the AI
Gateway should switch to OpenRouter or one of the other aggregators
(Nous Portal, Kilo Code). Users on the Vercel Sandbox backend should
switch to Docker, Modal, Daytona, or SSH.
What's removed:
- `plugins/model-providers/ai-gateway/` provider plugin
- `hermes_cli/vercel_auth.py` Vercel-Sandbox auth helper
- `tools/environments/vercel_sandbox.py` terminal backend
- `ai-gateway` provider wiring across auth, doctor, setup, models,
config, status, providers, main, web_server, model_normalize, dump
- `vercel_sandbox` backend wiring across terminal_tool, file_tools,
code_execution_tool, file_operations, approval, skills_tool,
environments/local, credential_files, lazy_deps, prompt_builder,
cli, gateway/run
- `AI_GATEWAY_BASE_URL` constant, `_AI_GATEWAY_HEADERS` auxiliary-client
header set, run_agent base-URL header/reasoning special-cases
- `[vercel]` pyproject extra and `vercel`/`vercel-workers` from uv.lock
- env vars: `AI_GATEWAY_API_KEY`, `AI_GATEWAY_BASE_URL`, `VERCEL_TOKEN`,
`VERCEL_PROJECT_ID`, `VERCEL_TEAM_ID`, `VERCEL_OIDC_TOKEN`,
`TERMINAL_VERCEL_RUNTIME`
- Tests: deletes test_ai_gateway_models.py and
test_vercel_sandbox_environment.py; scrubs references across 23
surviving test files (no entire tests deleted unless they were
dedicated to AI Gateway / Sandbox)
- Docs: provider tables, env-var reference, setup guides, security
notes, tool config, terminal-backend tables — English plus zh-Hans
i18n parity
- `hermes-agent` skill: provider table entry and remote-backend list
What stays (intentional):
- `popular-web-designs/templates/vercel.md` — CSS design reference,
unrelated to Vercel-the-AI-product
- `x-vercel-id` in `stream_diag.py` headers — generic Vercel CDN
response header, useful diag signal on any Vercel-hosted endpoint
- `vercel-labs/agent-browser` URL in browser config — lightpanda
browser project, different OSS effort
- `userStories.json` historical contributor entry mentioning Vercel
Sandbox — archive, not active docs
Validation:
- 1153 tests in the 22 targeted files pass (`scripts/run_tests.sh`)
- Full repo `py_compile` clean
- Live import of every touched module + invariant check (no
`ai-gateway` in `PROVIDER_REGISTRY`, no `_AI_GATEWAY_HEADERS`, no
`vercel_sandbox` in `_REMOTE_TERMINAL_BACKENDS`)
* test: convert profile-count check from change-detector to invariant
The hardcoded "== 34" assertion broke when ai-gateway was removed.
Per AGENTS.md change-detector-test guidance, assert the relationship
(registry count >= number of plugin dirs) instead of a literal count.
Counts shift when providers are added/removed; that's expected.
Fixes#9590: Block explicit sudo -S (stdin password mode) commands
when the SUDO_PASSWORD environment variable is not configured.
The attack vector: the LLM constructs 'echo guessedpass | sudo -S cmd'
to brute-force sudo passwords, iterates based on sudo's error output
('Sorry, try again'). The existing _transform_sudo_command only
injects -S when SUDO_PASSWORD exists; without it, the LLM's explicit
sudo -S must be treated as a guessing attempt.
Changes:
- Add _check_sudo_stdin_guard() in approval.py: detects sudo -S when
SUDO_PASSWORD is absent, anchored to command-start positions
(^ ; && || | etc.) to avoid false positives on literal text
- Integrate into check_all_command_guards() above yolo/mode=off so
the block is unconditional (like the hardline floor)
- Add 6 tests covering: detection, allow-list, SUDO_PASSWORD bypass,
integration with check_all_command_guards, yolo non-bypass,
container backend bypass
Adds a floor below --yolo: a tiny set of commands so catastrophic they
should never run via the agent, regardless of --yolo, gateway /yolo,
approvals.mode=off, or cron approve mode. Opting into yolo is trusting
the agent with your files and services — not trusting it to wipe the
disk or power the box off.
The list is deliberately small (12 patterns), covering only
unrecoverable ops:
- rm -rf targeting /, /home, /etc, /usr, /var, /boot, /bin, /sbin,
/lib, ~, $HOME
- mkfs (any variant)
- dd + redirection to raw block devices (/dev/sd*, /dev/nvme*, etc.)
- fork bomb
- kill -1 / kill -9 -1
- shutdown, reboot, halt, poweroff, init 0/6, telinit 0/6,
systemctl poweroff/reboot/halt/kexec
Recoverable-but-costly commands (git reset --hard, rm -rf /tmp/x,
chmod -R 777, curl | sh) stay in DANGEROUS_PATTERNS where yolo can
still pass them through — that's what yolo is for.
Container backends (docker/singularity/modal/daytona) continue to
bypass both hardline and dangerous checks, since nothing they do can
touch the host.
Inspired by Mercury Agent's permission-hardened blocklist.
