xAI's /v1/responses and /v1/chat/completions endpoints reject tool schemas
whose enum values contain a forward slash with a generic HTTP 400 'Invalid
arguments passed to the model.' before any token is emitted — the schema
compiler trips on the '/' character regardless of where it appears.
Most commonly hit by MCP-derived tools whose enum lists HuggingFace model
IDs ('Qwen/Qwen3.5-0.8B', 'openai/gpt-oss-20b') or owner/name environment
identifiers.
Mirrors the existing strip_pattern_and_format sanitizer (PR for #27197).
The new strip_slash_enum walks tool parameters and drops the entire enum
keyword when any value contains '/' — keeping it partial would still 400
since xAI's failure is all-or-nothing on the enum. The field description
still reaches the model so the prompting hint is preserved.
Wired in at both code paths for parity:
- agent/chat_completion_helpers.py (main agent xAI Responses path)
- agent/auxiliary_client.py (aux client xAI Responses path, matching
the same parity guarantee 2fae8fba9 established for pattern/format)
Salvaged from #28021 by @Slimydog21 — contributor's branch was severely
stale (would have reverted ~5000 LOC across azure/kanban/i18n); fix
re-applied surgically on current main with their sanitizer + 9 tests
preserved verbatim. Author noreply email used (original was a Mac
hostname leak).
xAI's /responses endpoint rejects pattern and format JSON Schema keywords
in tool schemas with HTTP 400 'Invalid arguments passed to the model'.
The existing strip_pattern_and_format() only walked OpenAI-format tools
({'function': {'parameters': ...}}), missing Responses-format shapes
({'name': ..., 'parameters': ...}) used by codex_responses API mode.
This shows up most often with MCP-derived tools that carry validation
keywords (e.g. domain pattern regex in firecrawl, format: date-time)
through to the wire.
Extends the walk to handle both shapes. Auto-strip wiring is applied
separately in chat_completion_helpers (post-refactor location).
Closes#27197
MCP servers commonly emit JSON Schema `pattern` (e.g. `\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}`
for date-time params) and `format` keywords. llama.cpp's
`json-schema-to-grammar` converter rejects regex escape classes
(\\d/\\w/\\s) and most format values, returning HTTP 400
"parse: error parsing grammar: unknown escape at \\d" — the whole request
fails.
Cloud providers (OpenAI, Anthropic, OpenRouter, Gemini) accept these
keywords fine and use them as prompting hints. Stripping unconditionally
loses useful hints for every cloud user to fix a llama.cpp-only bug.
Approach: classify the llama.cpp grammar-parse 400 in the error
classifier, and on match do a one-shot in-place strip of pattern/format
from `self.tools`, then retry. Follows the existing
`thinking_signature` recovery pattern. Cloud users hit zero overhead;
llama.cpp users pay one failed request per session.
Changes
- agent/error_classifier.py: new `FailoverReason.llama_cpp_grammar_pattern`
+ narrow HTTP-400 branch matching "error parsing grammar",
"json-schema-to-grammar", or "unable to generate parser ... template".
- tools/schema_sanitizer.py: new `strip_pattern_and_format()` helper —
reactive, walks schema nodes, skips property names (search_files.pattern
survives). Returns strip count for logging.
- run_agent.py: new one-shot recovery block in the retry loop. Strips,
logs, continues. Falls through to normal retry if nothing to strip.
- tests: 4 classifier tests (3 variants + 1 non-400 negative), 7 strip
tests including the property-name preservation and idempotency checks.
Co-authored-by: Chris Danis <cdanis@gmail.com>
Adds tools.schema_sanitizer.strip_nullable_unions as the single
implementation for collapsing anyOf/oneOf nullable unions. Both the
MCP input-schema normalizer and the Anthropic tool-schema guard now
delegate to it instead of re-implementing the same walk three times.
The global sanitizer also gains a final pass so any tool that slips
past the two earlier hooks (plugin tools, non-MCP custom tools with
Pydantic-shaped schemas) still gets safe input_schemas on Anthropic.
- tools/schema_sanitizer.py:
* New public strip_nullable_unions(schema, keep_nullable_hint=True).
* _sanitize_single_tool() calls it as a final pass (hint preserved
so coerce_tool_args can still map string "null" to None).
- tools/mcp_tool.py: _normalize_mcp_input_schema delegates.
- agent/anthropic_adapter.py: _normalize_tool_input_schema delegates
with keep_nullable_hint=False (Anthropic does not recognize nullable).
No behavioral change for the fix itself; tests (73/73 targeted +
E2E across MCP→sanitizer→Anthropic paths) pass.
Local llama.cpp servers (e.g. ggml-org/llama.cpp:full-cuda) fail the entire
request with HTTP 400 'Unable to generate parser for this template. ...
Unrecognized schema: "object"' when any tool schema contains shapes its
json-schema-to-grammar converter can't handle:
* 'type': 'object' without 'properties'
* bare string schema values ('additionalProperties: "object"')
* 'type': ['X', 'null'] arrays (nullable form)
Cloud providers accept these silently, so they ship from external MCP
servers (Atlassian, GCloud, Datadog) and from a couple of our own tools.
Changes
- tools/schema_sanitizer.py: walks the finalized tool list right before it
leaves get_tool_definitions() and repairs the hostile shapes in a deep
copy. No-op on well-formed schemas. Recurses into properties, items,
additionalProperties, anyOf/oneOf/allOf, and $defs.
- model_tools.get_tool_definitions(): invoke the sanitizer as the last
step so all paths (built-in, MCP, plugin, dynamically-rebuilt) get
covered uniformly.
- tools/browser_cdp_tool.py, tools/mcp_tool.py: fix our own bare-object
schemas so sanitization isn't load-bearing for in-repo tools.
- tui_gateway/server.py: _load_enabled_toolsets() was passing
include_default_mcp_servers=False at runtime. That's the config-editing
variant (see PR #3252) — it silently drops every default MCP server
from the TUI's enabled_toolsets, which is why the TUI didn't hit the
llama.cpp crash (no MCP tools sent at all). Switch to True so TUI
matches CLI behavior.
Tests
tests/tools/test_schema_sanitizer.py (17 tests) covers the individual
failure modes, well-formed pass-through, deep-copy isolation, and
required-field pruning.
E2E: loaded the default 'hermes-cli' toolset with MCP discovery and
confirmed all 27 resolved tool schemas pass a llama.cpp-compatibility
walk (no 'object' node missing 'properties', no bare-string schema
values).
