Follow-up on the salvaged #68469 commit:
- Literal-IP hostnames never take the proxy DNS-delegation path (a
getaddrinfo failure on a literal IP is not a proxy-environment
symptom, and IPs need no DNS) — keeps the private-IP/metadata floor
intact under proxy env vars.
- Adds TestProxyEnvironmentDnsDelegation: delegation fires only for
hostnames, metadata hostname/IP floor holds, DNS-success path
unchanged, empty proxy var ignored.
- Guards the three pre-existing DNS-failure tests against ambient
proxy env vars so they don't flake on developer machines.
When the runtime blocks direct DNS (NVIDIA OpenShell, Docker + Squid,
corporate proxy with DNS-only-via-proxy), socket.getaddrinfo() fails
and is_safe_url() blocks *all* requests — including legitimate public
URLs via the configured proxy.
Add _proxy_is_configured() helper that checks HTTPS_PROXY, HTTP_PROXY,
http_proxy, https_proxy, ALL_PROXY, all_proxy. When DNS fails AND a
proxy is configured, delegate DNS resolution to the proxy rather than
blocking outright.
Blocked hostnames (metadata.google.internal, 169.254.169.254, etc.)
are checked BEFORE DNS resolution, so cloud metadata endpoints remain
blocked regardless of proxy status.
Fixes#32217
Install connect-time DNS validation for Hermes-owned direct httpx clients so SSRF-sensitive fetch paths dial a vetted IP instead of re-resolving after preflight. This preserves Host/SNI semantics for direct HTTP(S) connections and keeps proxy routing as an explicit trusted egress boundary.
Wire the guarded clients into media cache downloads, vision downloads, Skills Hub direct/raw fetches, and platform attachment fetch paths that already perform SSRF preflight and redirect validation.
Fixes#8033
Co-authored-by: Tom Qiao <zqiao@microsoft.com>
Port from openclaw/openclaw#91950: normalize LLM-generated URLs like 'https:// docs.example' before web tool safety checks while preserving path and query encoding semantics.
Follow-up on the salvaged #49830 hardening. The contributor's sensitive
query-param set included bare English words (code, key, auth, session,
sig) that double as ordinary page facets — ?code= on promo/challenge
pages, ?key= as a search facet, ?session= on blogs — so web_extract and
cloud browser_navigate would refuse a large slice of normal browsing.
Narrow the set to unambiguously credential-named params (access_token,
authorization, client_secret, password, token, x-amz-signature, ...).
Prefix-based vendor-key redaction (is_safe_url) still catches recognizable
key shapes; this set is the belt-and-suspenders for opaque secrets carried
under an explicit credential-named parameter.
Also fixes two intra-PR-staleness test breakages surfaced by salvaging onto
current main:
- web_extract_tool() no longer accepts use_llm_processing= (signature
changed since the PR was authored) — dropped the invalid kwarg.
- agent.redact now fully masks keyed 'token=<secret>' to 'token=***'
instead of partial 'sk-...'; the console-redaction test now asserts the
real invariant (secret body gone) rather than the exact mask format.
Added a regression test that generic English-word query params are NOT
blocked by the credential guard.
Add policy gates and output redaction for browser/CDP surfaces, strengthen session ownership tracking, and block credential-like query parameters before third-party browser/web backends receive URLs.
Inspired by the agbrowse review: keep local browser magic-link flows possible while preventing cloud reader/browser escalation from receiving opaque token, code, signature, or key query parameters.
Inside httpx AsyncClient response event hooks, response.next_request is
often None even for a genuine redirect, so guards keyed on
`if response.is_redirect and response.next_request` silently never fire.
A public URL that 302s to http://169.254.169.254/ was followed anyway,
defeating the pre-flight is_safe_url() check.
Resolve the redirect target from the Location header (via urljoin, so
relative Locations work too), falling back to next_request only when no
Location is present. Extracted as tools.url_safety.redirect_target_from_response
and wired into every SSRF redirect guard:
- gateway/platforms/base.py (shared image + audio download for all platforms)
- tools/vision_tools.py (two download hooks)
- plugins/platforms/slack/adapter.py
Original fix by @zapabob (PR #35940), which targeted the since-refactored
gateway/platforms/slack.py; reconstructed onto the current shared sites and
widened to the whole bug class.
ipaddress.ip_address() raises ValueError on IPv6 addresses with scope
IDs (e.g. 'fe80::1%eth0'). Both is_always_blocked_url() and is_safe_url()
silently skipped these via `except ValueError: continue`.
If ALL resolved addresses for a hostname carry scope IDs, every address
is skipped and the URL passes all safety checks — a potential SSRF
bypass vector against link-local or metadata endpoints.
Fix:
- Strip the scope ID (%eth0) before parsing in both functions
- is_safe_url(): fail closed (return False) with a warning log if still
unparseable after stripping
- is_always_blocked_url(): use continue (not return False) to preserve
multi-address scanning, with a warning log
Affected: tools/url_safety.py — is_always_blocked_url(), is_safe_url()
Add async_is_safe_url() wrapping is_safe_url via asyncio.to_thread, and route
all async SSRF call sites through it: web_extract_tool, the vision/video
preflight checks, and both download redirect guards. socket.getaddrinfo blocks;
calling it inline from async tool paths froze the event loop for the duration of
DNS resolution.
vision_tools: split _validate_image_url into _image_url_shape_ok (no DNS) +
sync _validate_image_url (for sync callers/tests) + async _validate_image_url_async.
Widened beyond the original PR #3691 to sibling async sites that also blocked
the loop (second redirect guard, video preflight).
Salvage of #3691 by @Kewe63 — surgically re-applied onto current main because
the original branch was too stale to cherry-pick cleanly (would have reverted
the web_crawl_tool refactor).
Co-authored-by: Kewe63 <kewe.3217@gmail.com>
Replace with for all literal-tuple
membership tests. Set lookup is O(1) vs O(n) for tuple — consistent
micro-optimization across the codebase.
608 instances fixed via `ruff --fix --unsafe-fixes`, 0 remaining.
133 files, +626/-626 (net zero).
Cloud metadata endpoints (169.254.169.254 etc.) are now always blocked
by browser_navigate regardless of hybrid routing, allow_private_urls,
or backend.
Bug: commit 42c076d3 (#16136) added hybrid routing that flips
auto_local_this_nav=True for private URLs and short-circuits
_is_safe_url(). IMDS endpoints are technically private (169.254/16
link-local), so the sidecar happily routed them to a local Chromium,
and the agent could read IAM credentials via browser_snapshot. On
EC2/GCP/Azure this is a full SSRF-to-credential-theft.
Fix: new is_always_blocked_url() in url_safety.py — a narrow floor
that checks _BLOCKED_HOSTNAMES, _ALWAYS_BLOCKED_IPS,
_ALWAYS_BLOCKED_NETWORKS only. Applied as an independent gate in
browser_navigate's pre-nav and post-redirect checks, BEFORE
auto_local_this_nav gets a chance to short-circuit. Ordinary private
URLs (localhost, 192.168.x, 10.x, .local, CGNAT) still route to the
local sidecar as the #16136 feature intends.
Secondary fix (reporter's finding): _url_is_private() now explicitly
checks 172.16.0.0/12. ipaddress.is_private only covers that range on
Python ≥3.11 (bpo-40791), so on 3.10 runtimes those URLs were routed
to cloud instead of the local sidecar. No security impact — just a
correctness fix for the hybrid-routing feature.
Closes#16234.
Adds security.allow_private_urls / HERMES_ALLOW_PRIVATE_URLS toggle so
users on OpenWrt routers, TUN-mode proxies (Clash/Mihomo/Sing-box),
corporate split-tunnel VPNs, and Tailscale networks — where DNS resolves
public domains to 198.18.0.0/15 or 100.64.0.0/10 — can use web_extract,
browser, vision URL fetching, and gateway media downloads.
Single toggle in tools/url_safety.py; all 23 is_safe_url() call sites
inherit automatically. Cached for process lifetime.
Cloud metadata endpoints stay ALWAYS blocked regardless of the toggle:
169.254.169.254 (AWS/GCP/Azure/DO/Oracle), 169.254.170.2 (AWS ECS task
IAM creds), 169.254.169.253 (Azure IMDS wire server), 100.100.100.200
(Alibaba), fd00:ec2::254 (AWS IPv6), the entire 169.254.0.0/16
link-local range, and the metadata.google.internal / metadata.goog
hostnames (checked pre-DNS so they can't be bypassed on networks where
those names resolve to local IPs).
Supersedes #3779 (narrower HERMES_ALLOW_RFC2544 for the same class of
users).
Co-authored-by: kshitijk4poor <82637225+kshitijk4poor@users.noreply.github.com>
Follow-up to Dusk1e's PR #7120 (Slack send_image redirect guard):
- Rename _safe_url_for_log -> safe_url_for_log (drop underscore) since
it is now imported cross-module by the Slack adapter
- Add _ssrf_redirect_guard httpx event hook to cache_image_from_url()
and cache_audio_from_url() in base.py — same pattern as vision_tools
and the Slack adapter fix
- Update url_safety.py docstring to reflect broader coverage
- Add regression tests for image/audio redirect blocking + safe passthrough
* fix(security): add SSRF protection to vision_tools and web_tools
Both vision_analyze and web_extract/web_crawl accept arbitrary URLs
without checking if they target private/internal network addresses.
A prompt-injected or malicious skill could use this to access cloud
metadata endpoints (169.254.169.254), localhost services, or private
network hosts.
Adds a shared url_safety.is_safe_url() that resolves hostnames and
blocks private, loopback, link-local, and reserved IP ranges. Also
blocks known internal hostnames (metadata.google.internal).
Integrated at the URL validation layer in vision_tools and before
each website_policy check in web_tools (extract, crawl).
* test(vision): update localhost test to reflect SSRF protection
The existing test_valid_url_with_port asserted localhost URLs pass
validation. With SSRF protection, localhost is now correctly blocked.
Update the test to verify the block, and add a separate test for
valid URLs with ports using a public hostname.
* fix(security): harden SSRF protection — fail-closed, CGNAT, multicast, redirect guard
Follow-up hardening on top of dieutx's SSRF protection (PR #2630):
- Change fail-open to fail-closed: DNS errors and unexpected exceptions
now block the request instead of allowing it (OWASP best practice)
- Block CGNAT range (100.64.0.0/10): Python's ipaddress.is_private
does NOT cover this range (returns False for both is_private and
is_global). Used by Tailscale/WireGuard and carrier infrastructure.
- Add is_multicast and is_unspecified checks: multicast (224.0.0.0/4)
and unspecified (0.0.0.0) addresses were not caught by the original
four-check chain
- Add redirect guard for vision_tools: httpx event hook re-validates
each redirect target against SSRF checks, preventing the classic
redirect-based SSRF bypass (302 to internal IP)
- Move SSRF filtering before backend dispatch in web_extract: now
covers Parallel and Tavily backends, not just Firecrawl
- Extract _is_blocked_ip() helper for cleaner IP range checking
- Add 24 new tests (CGNAT, multicast, IPv4-mapped IPv6, fail-closed
behavior, parametrized blocked/allowed IP lists)
- Fix existing tests to mock DNS resolution for test hostnames
---------
Co-authored-by: dieutx <dangtc94@gmail.com>
