diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/components/assistant-ui/tool-fallback-model.ts b/apps/desktop/src/components/assistant-ui/tool-fallback-model.ts
index f74696f35db..cf3c6a5c0fb 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/components/assistant-ui/tool-fallback-model.ts
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/components/assistant-ui/tool-fallback-model.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
+import { type ToolTitleKey, translateNow } from '@/i18n'
 import { normalizeExternalUrl } from '@/lib/external-link'
 import { extractToolErrorMessage, formatToolResultSummary } from '@/lib/tool-result-summary'
-import { translateNow } from '@/i18n'
 
 export type ToolTone = 'agent' | 'browser' | 'default' | 'file' | 'image' | 'terminal' | 'web'
 export type ToolStatus = 'error' | 'running' | 'success' | 'warning'
@@ -20,6 +20,12 @@ export interface SearchResultRow {
   url: string
 }
 
+export interface ToolTitleAction {
+  prefix: string
+  suffix: string
+  text: string
+}
+
 interface CountMetric {
   count: number
   noun: string
@@ -51,6 +57,7 @@ export interface ToolView {
   status: ToolStatus
   subtitle: string
   title: string
+  titleAction?: ToolTitleAction
   tone: ToolTone
 }
 
@@ -58,6 +65,12 @@ interface ToolMeta {
   done: string
   icon?: string
   pending: string
+  pendingAction: string
+  tone: ToolTone
+}
+
+interface ToolMetaSpec {
+  icon?: string
   tone: ToolTone
 }
 
@@ -112,44 +125,78 @@ function fileEditBasename(path: string): string {
   return normalized.split('/').filter(Boolean).pop() || normalized
 }
 
-const TOOL_META: Record<string, ToolMeta> = {
-  browser_click: { done: 'Clicked page element', pending: 'Clicking page element', icon: 'globe', tone: 'browser' },
-  browser_fill: { done: 'Filled form field', pending: 'Filling form field', icon: 'globe', tone: 'browser' },
-  browser_navigate: { done: 'Opened page', pending: 'Opening page', icon: 'globe', tone: 'browser' },
+const TOOL_META: Record<ToolTitleKey, ToolMetaSpec> = {
+  browser_click: {
+    icon: 'globe',
+    tone: 'browser'
+  },
+  browser_fill: {
+    icon: 'globe',
+    tone: 'browser'
+  },
+  browser_navigate: {
+    icon: 'globe',
+    tone: 'browser'
+  },
   browser_snapshot: {
-    done: 'Captured page snapshot',
-    pending: 'Capturing page snapshot',
     icon: 'globe',
     tone: 'browser'
   },
   browser_take_screenshot: {
-    done: 'Captured screenshot',
-    pending: 'Capturing screenshot',
     icon: 'file-media',
     tone: 'browser'
   },
-  browser_type: { done: 'Typed on page', pending: 'Typing on page', icon: 'globe', tone: 'browser' },
-  clarify: { done: 'Asked a question', pending: 'Asking a question', icon: 'question', tone: 'agent' },
-  cronjob: { done: 'Cron job', pending: 'Scheduling cron job', icon: 'watch', tone: 'agent' },
-  edit_file: { done: 'Edited file', pending: 'Editing file', icon: 'edit', tone: 'file' },
-  execute_code: { done: 'Ran code', pending: 'Running code', icon: 'terminal', tone: 'terminal' },
-  image_generate: { done: 'Generated image', pending: 'Generating image', icon: 'file-media', tone: 'image' },
-  list_files: { done: 'Listed files', pending: 'Listing files', icon: 'files', tone: 'file' },
-  patch: { done: 'Patched file', pending: 'Patching file', icon: 'edit', tone: 'file' },
-  read_file: { done: 'Read file', pending: 'Reading file', icon: 'file', tone: 'file' },
-  search_files: { done: 'Searched files', pending: 'Searching files', icon: 'search', tone: 'file' },
+  browser_type: {
+    icon: 'globe',
+    tone: 'browser'
+  },
+  clarify: {
+    icon: 'question',
+    tone: 'agent'
+  },
+  cronjob: {
+    icon: 'watch',
+    tone: 'agent'
+  },
+  edit_file: { icon: 'edit', tone: 'file' },
+  execute_code: {
+    icon: 'terminal',
+    tone: 'terminal'
+  },
+  image_generate: {
+    icon: 'file-media',
+    tone: 'image'
+  },
+  list_files: {
+    icon: 'files',
+    tone: 'file'
+  },
+  patch: { icon: 'edit', tone: 'file' },
+  read_file: { icon: 'file', tone: 'file' },
+  search_files: {
+    icon: 'search',
+    tone: 'file'
+  },
   session_search_recall: {
-    done: 'Searched session history',
-    pending: 'Searching session history',
     icon: 'search',
     tone: 'agent'
   },
-  terminal: { done: 'Ran command', pending: 'Running command', icon: 'terminal', tone: 'terminal' },
-  todo: { done: 'Updated todos', pending: 'Updating todos', icon: 'tools', tone: 'agent' },
-  vision_analyze: { done: 'Analyzed image', pending: 'Analyzing image', icon: 'eye', tone: 'image' },
-  web_extract: { done: 'Read webpage', pending: 'Reading webpage', icon: 'globe', tone: 'web' },
-  web_search: { done: 'Searched web', pending: 'Searching web', icon: 'search', tone: 'web' },
-  write_file: { done: 'Edited file', pending: 'Editing file', icon: 'edit', tone: 'file' }
+  terminal: {
+    icon: 'terminal',
+    tone: 'terminal'
+  },
+  todo: { icon: 'tools', tone: 'agent' },
+  vision_analyze: {
+    icon: 'eye',
+    tone: 'image'
+  },
+  web_extract: { icon: 'globe', tone: 'web' },
+  web_search: { icon: 'search', tone: 'web' },
+  write_file: { icon: 'edit', tone: 'file' }
+}
+
+function isToolTitleKey(name: string): name is ToolTitleKey {
+  return name in TOOL_META
 }
 
 const INLINE_CODE_SPLIT_RE = /(`[^`\n]+`)/g
@@ -171,27 +218,45 @@ function titleForTool(name: string): string {
   )
 }
 
-const PREFIX_META: { icon?: string; prefix: string; tone: ToolTone; verb: string }[] = [
-  { prefix: 'browser_', verb: 'Browser', icon: 'globe', tone: 'browser' },
-  { prefix: 'web_', verb: 'Web', icon: 'globe', tone: 'web' }
+const PREFIX_META: { icon?: string; labelKey: string; prefix: string; tone: ToolTone }[] = [
+  { prefix: 'browser_', labelKey: 'browser', icon: 'globe', tone: 'browser' },
+  { prefix: 'web_', labelKey: 'web', icon: 'globe', tone: 'web' }
 ]
 
 function toolMeta(name: string): ToolMeta {
-  if (TOOL_META[name]) {
-    return TOOL_META[name]
+  if (isToolTitleKey(name)) {
+    const meta = TOOL_META[name]
+
+    return {
+      done: translateNow(`assistant.tool.titles.${name}.done`),
+      pending: translateNow(`assistant.tool.titles.${name}.pending`),
+      pendingAction: translateNow(`assistant.tool.titles.${name}.pendingAction`),
+      icon: meta.icon,
+      tone: meta.tone
+    }
   }
 
   const action = titleForTool(name)
   const prefix = PREFIX_META.find(p => name.startsWith(p.prefix))
 
-  return prefix
-    ? {
-        done: `${prefix.verb} ${action}`,
-        pending: `Running ${prefix.verb.toLowerCase()} ${action.toLowerCase()}`,
-        icon: prefix.icon,
-        tone: prefix.tone
-      }
-    : { done: action, pending: `Running ${action.toLowerCase()}`, tone: 'default' }
+  if (prefix) {
+    const prefixLabel = translateNow(`assistant.tool.prefixes.${prefix.labelKey}`)
+
+    return {
+      done: translateNow('assistant.tool.titleTemplates.prefixedDone', prefixLabel, action),
+      pending: translateNow('assistant.tool.titleTemplates.runningPrefixedTool', prefixLabel, action),
+      pendingAction: translateNow('assistant.tool.actions.running'),
+      icon: prefix.icon,
+      tone: prefix.tone
+    }
+  }
+
+  return {
+    done: action,
+    pending: translateNow('assistant.tool.titleTemplates.runningTool', action),
+    pendingAction: translateNow('assistant.tool.actions.running'),
+    tone: 'default'
+  }
 }
 
 function isRecord(value: unknown): value is Record<string, unknown> {
@@ -967,8 +1032,13 @@ function fallbackDetailText(args: unknown, result: unknown): string {
 }
 
 function cronScalar(value: unknown): string {
-  if (typeof value === 'string') return value.trim()
-  if (typeof value === 'number' && Number.isFinite(value)) return String(value)
+  if (typeof value === 'string') {
+    return value.trim()
+  }
+
+  if (typeof value === 'number' && Number.isFinite(value)) {
+    return String(value)
+  }
 
   return ''
 }
@@ -976,7 +1046,9 @@ function cronScalar(value: unknown): string {
 function formatCronTime(iso: string): string {
   const ts = Date.parse(iso)
 
-  if (Number.isNaN(ts)) return iso
+  if (Number.isNaN(ts)) {
+    return iso
+  }
 
   return new Date(ts).toLocaleString(undefined, {
     month: 'short',
@@ -986,10 +1058,7 @@ function formatCronTime(iso: string): string {
   })
 }
 
-function cronjobSubtitle(
-  argsRecord: Record<string, unknown>,
-  resultRecord: Record<string, unknown>
-): string {
+function cronjobSubtitle(argsRecord: Record<string, unknown>, resultRecord: Record<string, unknown>): string {
   const jobs = Array.isArray(resultRecord.jobs) ? resultRecord.jobs : null
 
   if (jobs) {
@@ -998,7 +1067,9 @@ function cronjobSubtitle(
 
   const message = firstStringField(resultRecord, ['message'])
 
-  if (message) return message
+  if (message) {
+    return message
+  }
 
   const action = firstStringField(argsRecord, ['action']) || 'manage'
   const name = firstStringField(resultRecord, ['name']) || firstStringField(argsRecord, ['name', 'job_id'])
@@ -1007,14 +1078,13 @@ function cronjobSubtitle(
   return name ? `${label} ${name}` : `Cron ${action}`
 }
 
-function cronjobDetail(
-  argsRecord: Record<string, unknown>,
-  resultRecord: Record<string, unknown>
-): string {
+function cronjobDetail(argsRecord: Record<string, unknown>, resultRecord: Record<string, unknown>): string {
   const jobs = Array.isArray(resultRecord.jobs) ? resultRecord.jobs : null
 
   if (jobs) {
-    if (!jobs.length) return 'No cron jobs scheduled'
+    if (!jobs.length) {
+      return 'No cron jobs scheduled'
+    }
 
     return jobs
       .slice(0, 20)
@@ -1029,12 +1099,14 @@ function cronjobDetail(
   }
 
   const nextRun = cronScalar(resultRecord.next_run_at)
+
   const rows: [string, string][] = [
     ['Schedule', cronScalar(resultRecord.schedule)],
     ['Repeat', cronScalar(resultRecord.repeat)],
     ['Delivery', cronScalar(resultRecord.deliver)],
     ['Next run', nextRun ? formatCronTime(nextRun) : '']
   ]
+
   const lines = rows.filter(([, value]) => value).map(([key, value]) => `${key}: ${value}`)
 
   return lines.length ? lines.join('\n') : fallbackDetailText(argsRecord, resultRecord)
@@ -1277,6 +1349,7 @@ export function toolCopyPayload(part: ToolPart, view: ToolView): { label: string
     url: translateNow('assistant.tool.copyUrl'),
     generic: translateNow('common.copy')
   }
+
   const args = parseMaybeObject(part.args)
   const result = parseMaybeObject(part.result)
   const detail = view.detail.trim()
@@ -1359,39 +1432,90 @@ export function toolCopyPayload(part: ToolPart, view: ToolView): { label: string
   return { label: copy.generic, text: view.title }
 }
 
+interface ToolTitleParts {
+  action?: ToolTitleAction
+  title: string
+}
+
+function titlePartsFromAction(title: string, action?: string): ToolTitleParts {
+  if (!action) {
+    return { title }
+  }
+
+  const actionStart = title.indexOf(action)
+
+  if (actionStart < 0) {
+    return { title }
+  }
+
+  return {
+    action: {
+      prefix: title.slice(0, actionStart),
+      suffix: title.slice(actionStart + action.length),
+      text: action
+    },
+    title
+  }
+}
+
 function dynamicTitle(
   part: ToolPart,
   args: Record<string, unknown>,
   result: Record<string, unknown>,
-  fallback: string
-): string {
+  fallback: ToolTitleParts
+): ToolTitleParts {
   const verb = (gerund: string, past: string) => (part.result === undefined ? gerund : past)
 
+  const titledAction = (action: string, title: string): ToolTitleParts =>
+    titlePartsFromAction(title, part.result === undefined ? action : undefined)
+
   if (part.toolName === 'web_extract') {
     const url = findFirstUrl(args, result)
+    const action = verb(translateNow('assistant.tool.actions.reading'), translateNow('assistant.tool.actions.read'))
 
-    return url ? `${verb('Reading', 'Read')} ${hostnameOf(url)}` : fallback
+    return url
+      ? titledAction(action, translateNow('assistant.tool.titleTemplates.actionTarget', action, hostnameOf(url)))
+      : fallback
   }
 
   if (part.toolName === 'browser_navigate') {
     const url = findFirstUrl(args, result)
+    const action = verb(translateNow('assistant.tool.actions.opening'), translateNow('assistant.tool.actions.opened'))
 
-    return url ? `${verb('Opening', 'Opened')} ${hostnameOf(url)}` : fallback
+    return url
+      ? titledAction(action, translateNow('assistant.tool.titleTemplates.actionTarget', action, hostnameOf(url)))
+      : fallback
   }
 
   if (part.toolName === 'web_search') {
     const query = firstStringField(args, ['search_term', 'query']) || contextValue(args)
 
-    return query ? `${verb('Searching', 'Searched')} “${compactPreview(query, 48)}”` : fallback
+    const action = verb(
+      translateNow('assistant.tool.actions.searching'),
+      translateNow('assistant.tool.actions.searched')
+    )
+
+    return query
+      ? titledAction(
+          action,
+          translateNow('assistant.tool.titleTemplates.actionQuoted', action, compactPreview(query, 48))
+        )
+      : fallback
   }
 
   if (part.toolName === 'terminal' || part.toolName === 'execute_code') {
     const command = firstStringField(args, ['command', 'code']) || contextValue(args)
 
     if (command) {
-      const verbText = part.toolName === 'execute_code' ? verb('Running code', 'Ran code') : verb('Running', 'Ran')
+      const action =
+        part.toolName === 'execute_code'
+          ? verb(translateNow('assistant.tool.actions.runningCode'), translateNow('assistant.tool.actions.ranCode'))
+          : verb(translateNow('assistant.tool.actions.running'), translateNow('assistant.tool.actions.ran'))
 
-      return `${verbText} · ${compactPreview(command, 160)}`
+      return titledAction(
+        action,
+        translateNow('assistant.tool.titleTemplates.actionCommand', action, compactPreview(command, 160))
+      )
     }
   }
 
@@ -1399,7 +1523,7 @@ function dynamicTitle(
     const path = fileEditPath(args, result)
 
     if (path) {
-      return fileEditBasename(path)
+      return { title: fileEditBasename(path) }
     }
   }
 
@@ -1413,7 +1537,15 @@ export function buildToolView(part: ToolPart, inlineDiff: string): ToolView {
   const status = toolStatus(part, resultRecord)
   const error = toolErrorText(part, resultRecord)
   const baseTitle = part.result === undefined ? meta.pending : meta.done
-  const title = dynamicTitle(part, argsRecord, resultRecord, baseTitle)
+
+  const titleParts = dynamicTitle(
+    part,
+    argsRecord,
+    resultRecord,
+    titlePartsFromAction(baseTitle, part.result === undefined ? meta.pendingAction : undefined)
+  )
+
+  const title = titleParts.title
   const titleEnriched = title !== baseTitle
   const baseSubtitle = error || toolSubtitle(part, argsRecord, resultRecord)
 
@@ -1467,6 +1599,7 @@ export function buildToolView(part: ToolPart, inlineDiff: string): ToolView {
     status,
     subtitle,
     title,
+    titleAction: titleParts.action,
     tone: meta.tone
   }
 }
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/components/assistant-ui/tool-fallback.tsx b/apps/desktop/src/components/assistant-ui/tool-fallback.tsx
index aa2a1b5b0d6..2d2eea54e54 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/components/assistant-ui/tool-fallback.tsx
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/components/assistant-ui/tool-fallback.tsx
@@ -46,7 +46,8 @@ import {
   toolCopyPayload,
   type ToolPart,
   toolPartDisclosureId,
-  type ToolStatus
+  type ToolStatus,
+  type ToolTitleAction
 } from './tool-fallback-model'
 
 // `true` when a ToolEntry is rendered inside an embedding wrapper that owns
@@ -203,6 +204,39 @@ function LinkifiedText({ className, text }: { className?: string; text: string }
   return <SharedLinkifiedText className={className} pretty text={cleanVisibleText(text)} />
 }
 
+function ToolTitle({
+  isPending,
+  status,
+  title,
+  titleAction
+}: {
+  isPending: boolean
+  status: ToolStatus
+  title: string
+  titleAction?: ToolTitleAction
+}) {
+  return (
+    <FadeText
+      className={cn(
+        TOOL_HEADER_TITLE_CLASS,
+        isPending && 'text-(--ui-text-tertiary)',
+        status === 'error' && 'text-destructive',
+        status === 'warning' && 'text-amber-700 dark:text-amber-300'
+      )}
+    >
+      {isPending && titleAction ? (
+        <>
+          {titleAction.prefix}
+          <span className="shimmer">{titleAction.text}</span>
+          {titleAction.suffix}
+        </>
+      ) : (
+        title
+      )}
+    </FadeText>
+  )
+}
+
 interface ToolEntryProps {
   part: ToolPart
 }
@@ -414,16 +448,7 @@ function ToolEntry({ part }: ToolEntryProps) {
               icon={view.icon}
               status={leadingStatus(isPending, view.status)}
             />
-            <FadeText
-              className={cn(
-                TOOL_HEADER_TITLE_CLASS,
-                isPending && 'shimmer text-(--ui-text-tertiary)',
-                view.status === 'error' && 'text-destructive',
-                view.status === 'warning' && 'text-amber-700 dark:text-amber-300'
-              )}
-            >
-              {view.title}
-            </FadeText>
+            <ToolTitle isPending={isPending} status={view.status} title={view.title} titleAction={view.titleAction} />
             {!isPending && view.countLabel && <span className={TOOL_HEADER_DURATION_CLASS}>{view.countLabel}</span>}
             {showDiffStats && diffStats && (
               <span className="flex shrink-0 items-center gap-1 font-mono text-[0.625rem] tabular-nums">
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/en.ts b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/en.ts
index 195d6426e4f..1f4ae5cfd25 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/en.ts
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/en.ts
@@ -1845,7 +1845,8 @@ export const en: Translations = {
       restoreCheckpoint: 'Restore checkpoint',
       restoreFromHere: 'Restore checkpoint — rerun from this prompt',
       restoreTitle: 'Restore to this checkpoint?',
-      restoreBody: 'Everything after this prompt is removed from the conversation, and the prompt runs again from here.',
+      restoreBody:
+        'Everything after this prompt is removed from the conversation, and the prompt runs again from here.',
       restoreConfirm: 'Restore & rerun',
       restoreNext: 'Restore next checkpoint',
       goForward: 'Go forward',
@@ -1901,7 +1902,67 @@ export const en: Translations = {
       statusRunning: 'Running',
       statusError: 'Error',
       statusRecovered: 'Recovered',
-      statusDone: 'Done'
+      statusDone: 'Done',
+      actions: {
+        read: 'Read',
+        reading: 'Reading',
+        opened: 'Opened',
+        opening: 'Opening',
+        searched: 'Searched',
+        searching: 'Searching',
+        ran: 'Ran',
+        running: 'Running',
+        ranCode: 'Ran code',
+        runningCode: 'Scripting'
+      },
+      prefixes: {
+        browser: 'Browser',
+        web: 'Web'
+      },
+      titleTemplates: {
+        actionCommand: (action, command) => `${action} · ${command}`,
+        actionQuoted: (action, value) => `${action} “${value}”`,
+        actionTarget: (action, target) => `${action} ${target}`,
+        prefixedDone: (prefix, action) => `${prefix} ${action}`,
+        runningPrefixedTool: (prefix, action) => `Running ${prefix.toLowerCase()} ${action.toLowerCase()}`,
+        runningTool: action => `Running ${action.toLowerCase()}`
+      },
+      titles: {
+        browser_click: { done: 'Clicked page element', pending: 'Clicking page element', pendingAction: 'Clicking' },
+        browser_fill: { done: 'Filled form field', pending: 'Filling form field', pendingAction: 'Filling' },
+        browser_navigate: { done: 'Opened page', pending: 'Opening page', pendingAction: 'Opening' },
+        browser_snapshot: {
+          done: 'Captured page snapshot',
+          pending: 'Capturing page snapshot',
+          pendingAction: 'Capturing'
+        },
+        browser_take_screenshot: {
+          done: 'Captured screenshot',
+          pending: 'Capturing screenshot',
+          pendingAction: 'Capturing'
+        },
+        browser_type: { done: 'Typed on page', pending: 'Typing on page', pendingAction: 'Typing' },
+        clarify: { done: 'Asked a question', pending: 'Asking a question', pendingAction: 'Asking' },
+        cronjob: { done: 'Cron job', pending: 'Scheduling cron job', pendingAction: 'Scheduling' },
+        edit_file: { done: 'Edited file', pending: 'Editing file', pendingAction: 'Editing' },
+        execute_code: { done: 'Ran code', pending: 'Scripting', pendingAction: 'Scripting' },
+        image_generate: { done: 'Generated image', pending: 'Generating image', pendingAction: 'Generating' },
+        list_files: { done: 'Listed files', pending: 'Listing files', pendingAction: 'Listing' },
+        patch: { done: 'Patched file', pending: 'Patching file', pendingAction: 'Patching' },
+        read_file: { done: 'Read file', pending: 'Reading file', pendingAction: 'Reading' },
+        search_files: { done: 'Searched files', pending: 'Searching files', pendingAction: 'Searching' },
+        session_search_recall: {
+          done: 'Searched session history',
+          pending: 'Searching session history',
+          pendingAction: 'Searching'
+        },
+        terminal: { done: 'Ran command', pending: 'Running command', pendingAction: 'Running' },
+        todo: { done: 'Updated todos', pending: 'Updating todos', pendingAction: 'Updating' },
+        vision_analyze: { done: 'Analyzed image', pending: 'Analyzing image', pendingAction: 'Analyzing' },
+        web_extract: { done: 'Read webpage', pending: 'Reading webpage', pendingAction: 'Reading' },
+        web_search: { done: 'Searched web', pending: 'Searching web', pendingAction: 'Searching' },
+        write_file: { done: 'Edited file', pending: 'Editing file', pendingAction: 'Editing' }
+      }
     }
   },
 
@@ -1944,7 +2005,8 @@ export const en: Translations = {
     editFailed: 'Edit failed',
     resumeFailed: 'Resume failed',
     resumeStrandedTitle: "Couldn't load this session",
-    resumeStrandedBody: 'The connection to this session failed and automatic retries gave up. Check that the gateway is running, then try again.',
+    resumeStrandedBody:
+      'The connection to this session failed and automatic retries gave up. Check that the gateway is running, then try again.',
     resumeRetry: 'Retry',
     nothingToBranch: 'Nothing to branch',
     branchNeedsChat: 'Start or resume a chat before branching.',
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/index.ts b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/index.ts
index b04d64948ce..b8e0d5ea2ea 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/index.ts
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/index.ts
@@ -17,4 +17,4 @@ export {
   normalizeLocale
 } from './languages'
 export { setRuntimeI18nLocale, translateNow } from './runtime'
-export type { Locale, Translations } from './types'
+export type { Locale, ToolTitleKey, Translations } from './types'
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/ja.ts b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/ja.ts
index 70e93c65c10..c529c109b45 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/ja.ts
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/ja.ts
@@ -201,8 +201,7 @@ export const ja = defineLocale({
     },
     notifications: {
       title: '通知',
-      intro:
-        'アプリ内トーストとは別の、ネイティブのデスクトップ通知です。設定は端末ごとに保存されます。',
+      intro: 'アプリ内トーストとは別の、ネイティブのデスクトップ通知です。設定は端末ごとに保存されます。',
       enableAll: '通知を有効にする',
       enableAllDesc: 'マスタースイッチ。オフにすると以下のすべての通知を無効にします。',
       focusedHint: '完了通知は Hermes がバックグラウンドにあるときのみ表示されます。',
@@ -1498,7 +1497,8 @@ export const ja = defineLocale({
     queueSend: '送信',
     queueDelete: '削除',
     queueStuckTitle: 'キュー内のメッセージを送信できません',
-    queueStuckBody: 'キューに入れたターンの送信が繰り返し失敗しました。まだキューに残っています。もう一度送信してください。',
+    queueStuckBody:
+      'キューに入れたターンの送信が繰り返し失敗しました。まだキューに残っています。もう一度送信してください。',
     previewUnavailable: 'プレビューは利用できません',
     previewLabel: label => `${label} のプレビュー`,
     couldNotPreview: label => `${label} をプレビューできませんでした`,
@@ -1597,7 +1597,8 @@ export const ja = defineLocale({
     copy: 'コピー',
     copied: 'コピーしました',
     done: '完了',
-    applyingBody: 'Hermes アップデーターが独自のウィンドウで引き継ぎ、完了後に自動的に Hermes を再度開きます。更新中はご自分で Hermes を開き直さないでください。',
+    applyingBody:
+      'Hermes アップデーターが独自のウィンドウで引き継ぎ、完了後に自動的に Hermes を再度開きます。更新中はご自分で Hermes を開き直さないでください。',
     applyingBodyBackend: 'リモートバックエンドが更新を適用して再起動します。復帰すると Hermes が自動的に再接続します。',
     applyingClose: 'このウィンドウは更新中に閉じ、その後 Hermes が自動的に再度開きます。',
     errorTitle: '更新が完了しませんでした',
@@ -2029,7 +2030,83 @@ export const ja = defineLocale({
       statusRunning: '実行中',
       statusError: 'エラー',
       statusRecovered: '回復しました',
-      statusDone: '完了'
+      statusDone: '完了',
+      actions: {
+        read: '読み取り完了',
+        reading: '読み取り中',
+        opened: 'オープン済み',
+        opening: 'オープン中',
+        searched: '検索完了',
+        searching: '検索中',
+        ran: '実行完了',
+        running: '実行中',
+        ranCode: 'コード実行完了',
+        runningCode: 'スクリプト作成中'
+      },
+      prefixes: {
+        browser: 'ブラウザー',
+        web: 'Web'
+      },
+      titleTemplates: {
+        actionCommand: (action, command) => `${action} · ${command}`,
+        actionQuoted: (action, value) => `「${value}」を${action}`,
+        actionTarget: (action, target) => `${target} を${action}`,
+        prefixedDone: (prefix, action) => `${prefix} ${action}`,
+        runningPrefixedTool: (prefix, action) => `${prefix} ${action}を実行中`,
+        runningTool: action => `${action}を実行中`
+      },
+      titles: {
+        browser_click: {
+          done: 'ページ要素をクリックしました',
+          pending: 'ページ要素をクリック中',
+          pendingAction: 'クリック中'
+        },
+        browser_fill: { done: 'フォーム欄に入力しました', pending: 'フォーム欄に入力中', pendingAction: '入力中' },
+        browser_navigate: { done: 'ページを開きました', pending: 'ページをオープン中', pendingAction: 'オープン中' },
+        browser_snapshot: {
+          done: 'ページスナップショットを取得しました',
+          pending: 'ページスナップショットを取得中',
+          pendingAction: '取得中'
+        },
+        browser_take_screenshot: {
+          done: 'スクリーンショットを取得しました',
+          pending: 'スクリーンショットを取得中',
+          pendingAction: '取得中'
+        },
+        browser_type: { done: 'ページに入力しました', pending: 'ページに入力中', pendingAction: '入力中' },
+        clarify: { done: '質問しました', pending: '質問中', pendingAction: '質問中' },
+        cronjob: { done: 'Cron ジョブ', pending: 'Cron ジョブをスケジュール中', pendingAction: 'スケジュール中' },
+        edit_file: { done: 'ファイルを編集しました', pending: 'ファイルを編集中', pendingAction: '編集中' },
+        execute_code: { done: 'コードを実行しました', pending: 'スクリプト作成中', pendingAction: 'スクリプト作成中' },
+        image_generate: { done: '画像を生成しました', pending: '画像を生成中', pendingAction: '生成中' },
+        list_files: {
+          done: 'ファイルを一覧表示しました',
+          pending: 'ファイルを一覧表示中',
+          pendingAction: '一覧表示中'
+        },
+        patch: {
+          done: 'ファイルにパッチを適用しました',
+          pending: 'ファイルにパッチ適用中',
+          pendingAction: 'パッチ適用中'
+        },
+        read_file: { done: 'ファイルを読み取りました', pending: 'ファイルを読み取り中', pendingAction: '読み取り中' },
+        search_files: { done: 'ファイルを検索しました', pending: 'ファイルを検索中', pendingAction: '検索中' },
+        session_search_recall: {
+          done: 'セッション履歴を検索しました',
+          pending: 'セッション履歴を検索中',
+          pendingAction: '検索中'
+        },
+        terminal: { done: 'コマンドを実行しました', pending: 'コマンドを実行中', pendingAction: '実行中' },
+        todo: { done: 'Todo を更新しました', pending: 'Todo を更新中', pendingAction: '更新中' },
+        vision_analyze: { done: '画像を分析しました', pending: '画像を分析中', pendingAction: '分析中' },
+        web_extract: {
+          done: 'Web ページを読み取りました',
+          pending: 'Web ページを読み取り中',
+          pendingAction: '読み取り中'
+        },
+        web_search: { done: 'Web を検索しました', pending: 'Web を検索中', pendingAction: '検索中' },
+        write_file: { done: 'ファイルを編集しました', pending: 'ファイルを編集中', pendingAction: '編集中' }
+      }
     }
   },
 
@@ -2073,7 +2150,8 @@ export const ja = defineLocale({
     editFailed: '編集に失敗しました',
     resumeFailed: '再開に失敗しました',
     resumeStrandedTitle: 'このセッションを読み込めませんでした',
-    resumeStrandedBody: 'このセッションへの接続に失敗し、自動再試行も停止しました。ゲートウェイが実行中か確認してから、もう一度お試しください。',
+    resumeStrandedBody:
+      'このセッションへの接続に失敗し、自動再試行も停止しました。ゲートウェイが実行中か確認してから、もう一度お試しください。',
     resumeRetry: '再試行',
     nothingToBranch: 'ブランチするものがありません',
     branchNeedsChat: 'ブランチする前にチャットを開始または再開してください。',
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/types.ts b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/types.ts
index 1f0a4d4f2d6..f447b18bca3 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/types.ts
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/types.ts
@@ -7,6 +7,36 @@
 
 export type Locale = 'en' | 'zh' | 'zh-hant' | 'ja'
 
+export type ToolTitleKey =
+  | 'browser_click'
+  | 'browser_fill'
+  | 'browser_navigate'
+  | 'browser_snapshot'
+  | 'browser_take_screenshot'
+  | 'browser_type'
+  | 'clarify'
+  | 'cronjob'
+  | 'edit_file'
+  | 'execute_code'
+  | 'image_generate'
+  | 'list_files'
+  | 'patch'
+  | 'read_file'
+  | 'search_files'
+  | 'session_search_recall'
+  | 'terminal'
+  | 'todo'
+  | 'vision_analyze'
+  | 'web_extract'
+  | 'web_search'
+  | 'write_file'
+
+interface ToolTitleCopy {
+  done: string
+  pending: string
+  pendingAction: string
+}
+
 interface ModeOptionCopy {
   label: string
   description: string
@@ -1533,6 +1563,31 @@ export interface Translations {
       statusError: string
       statusRecovered: string
       statusDone: string
+      actions: {
+        read: string
+        reading: string
+        opened: string
+        opening: string
+        searched: string
+        searching: string
+        ran: string
+        running: string
+        ranCode: string
+        runningCode: string
+      }
+      prefixes: {
+        browser: string
+        web: string
+      }
+      titleTemplates: {
+        actionCommand: (action: string, command: string) => string
+        actionQuoted: (action: string, value: string) => string
+        actionTarget: (action: string, target: string) => string
+        prefixedDone: (prefix: string, action: string) => string
+        runningPrefixedTool: (prefix: string, action: string) => string
+        runningTool: (action: string) => string
+      }
+      titles: Record<ToolTitleKey, ToolTitleCopy>
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/zh-hant.ts b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/zh-hant.ts
index f125c463662..b32eb94475b 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/zh-hant.ts
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/zh-hant.ts
@@ -280,7 +280,8 @@ export const zhHant = defineLocale({
       importedBadge: '已匯入',
       pet: {
         title: '寵物',
-        intro: '領養一隻懸浮在應用上的 petdex 動畫寵物，它會根據 Hermes 的狀態做出反應——工具執行時奔跑、成功時歡呼、出錯時沮喪。',
+        intro:
+          '領養一隻懸浮在應用上的 petdex 動畫寵物，它會根據 Hermes 的狀態做出反應——工具執行時奔跑、成功時歡呼、出錯時沮喪。',
         restartHint: '寵物功能需要重新啟動——目前執行的應用在此功能加入前啟動。請結束並重新開啟 Hermes，然後回到此處。',
         scaleTitle: '大小',
         scaleDesc: '調整懸浮寵物的大小，所有介面即時生效。',
@@ -1546,7 +1547,8 @@ export const zhHant = defineLocale({
     copy: '複製',
     copied: '已複製',
     done: '完成',
-    applyingBody: 'Hermes 更新程式會在自己的視窗中接管，並在完成後自動重新開啟 Hermes。更新期間請勿自行重新開啟 Hermes。',
+    applyingBody:
+      'Hermes 更新程式會在自己的視窗中接管，並在完成後自動重新開啟 Hermes。更新期間請勿自行重新開啟 Hermes。',
     applyingBodyBackend: '遠端後端正在套用更新並將重新啟動。恢復後 Hermes 會自動重新連線。',
     applyingClose: '此視窗會在更新期間關閉，隨後 Hermes 會自動重新開啟。',
     errorTitle: '更新未完成',
@@ -1968,7 +1970,59 @@ export const zhHant = defineLocale({
       statusRunning: '執行中',
       statusError: '錯誤',
       statusRecovered: '已復原',
-      statusDone: '完成'
+      statusDone: '完成',
+      actions: {
+        read: '已讀取',
+        reading: '正在讀取',
+        opened: '已開啟',
+        opening: '正在開啟',
+        searched: '已搜尋',
+        searching: '正在搜尋',
+        ran: '已執行',
+        running: '正在執行',
+        ranCode: '已執行程式碼',
+        runningCode: '正在撰寫腳本'
+      },
+      prefixes: {
+        browser: '瀏覽器',
+        web: '網頁'
+      },
+      titleTemplates: {
+        actionCommand: (action, command) => `${action} · ${command}`,
+        actionQuoted: (action, value) => `${action}「${value}」`,
+        actionTarget: (action, target) => `${action} ${target}`,
+        prefixedDone: (prefix, action) => `${prefix}${action}`,
+        runningPrefixedTool: (prefix, action) => `正在執行${prefix}${action}`,
+        runningTool: action => `正在執行 ${action}`
+      },
+      titles: {
+        browser_click: { done: '已點擊頁面元素', pending: '正在點擊頁面元素', pendingAction: '正在點擊' },
+        browser_fill: { done: '已填寫表單欄位', pending: '正在填寫表單欄位', pendingAction: '正在填寫' },
+        browser_navigate: { done: '已開啟頁面', pending: '正在開啟頁面', pendingAction: '正在開啟' },
+        browser_snapshot: { done: '已擷取頁面快照', pending: '正在擷取頁面快照', pendingAction: '正在擷取' },
+        browser_take_screenshot: { done: '已擷取截圖', pending: '正在擷取截圖', pendingAction: '正在擷取' },
+        browser_type: { done: '已在頁面輸入', pending: '正在頁面輸入', pendingAction: '正在輸入' },
+        clarify: { done: '已提問', pending: '正在提問', pendingAction: '正在提問' },
+        cronjob: { done: 'Cron 工作', pending: '正在安排 Cron 工作', pendingAction: '正在安排' },
+        edit_file: { done: '已編輯檔案', pending: '正在編輯檔案', pendingAction: '正在編輯' },
+        execute_code: { done: '已執行程式碼', pending: '正在撰寫腳本', pendingAction: '正在撰寫腳本' },
+        image_generate: { done: '已生成圖片', pending: '正在生成圖片', pendingAction: '正在生成' },
+        list_files: { done: '已列出檔案', pending: '正在列出檔案', pendingAction: '正在列出' },
+        patch: { done: '已修補檔案', pending: '正在修補檔案', pendingAction: '正在修補' },
+        read_file: { done: '已讀取檔案', pending: '正在讀取檔案', pendingAction: '正在讀取' },
+        search_files: { done: '已搜尋檔案', pending: '正在搜尋檔案', pendingAction: '正在搜尋' },
+        session_search_recall: {
+          done: '已搜尋工作階段歷史',
+          pending: '正在搜尋工作階段歷史',
+          pendingAction: '正在搜尋'
+        },
+        terminal: { done: '已執行指令', pending: '正在執行指令', pendingAction: '正在執行' },
+        todo: { done: '已更新待辦', pending: '正在更新待辦', pendingAction: '正在更新' },
+        vision_analyze: { done: '已分析圖片', pending: '正在分析圖片', pendingAction: '正在分析' },
+        web_extract: { done: '已讀取網頁', pending: '正在讀取網頁', pendingAction: '正在讀取' },
+        web_search: { done: '已搜尋網頁', pending: '正在搜尋網頁', pendingAction: '正在搜尋' },
+        write_file: { done: '已編輯檔案', pending: '正在編輯檔案', pendingAction: '正在編輯' }
+      }
     }
   },
 
diff --git a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/zh.ts b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/zh.ts
index 91543562b12..2d4a3520ad3 100644
--- a/apps/desktop/src/i18n/zh.ts
+++ b/apps/desktop/src/i18n/zh.ts
@@ -369,7 +369,8 @@ export const zh: Translations = {
       importedBadge: '已导入',
       pet: {
         title: '宠物',
-        intro: '领养一只悬浮在应用上的 petdex 动画宠物，它会根据 Hermes 的状态做出反应——工具执行时奔跑、成功时欢呼、出错时沮丧。',
+        intro:
+          '领养一只悬浮在应用上的 petdex 动画宠物，它会根据 Hermes 的状态做出反应——工具执行时奔跑、成功时欢呼、出错时沮丧。',
         restartHint: '宠物功能需要重启——当前运行的应用在此功能加入前启动。请退出并重新打开 Hermes，然后回到此处。',
         scaleTitle: '大小',
         scaleDesc: '调整悬浮宠物的大小，所有界面即时生效。',
@@ -1647,11 +1648,13 @@ export const zh: Translations = {
     manualBody: '你是从命令行安装的 Hermes，因此更新也需要在那里运行。请将此命令粘贴到终端：',
     manualPickedUp: '下次启动 Hermes 时会使用新版本。',
     guiSkewTitle: '请更新桌面应用',
-    guiSkewBody: '后端已更新，但此桌面应用包未更改。请更新或重新安装 Hermes 桌面应用（你的 AppImage / .deb / .rpm）以保持一致。',
+    guiSkewBody:
+      '后端已更新，但此桌面应用包未更改。请更新或重新安装 Hermes 桌面应用（你的 AppImage / .deb / .rpm）以保持一致。',
     copy: '复制',
     copied: '已复制',
     done: '完成',
-    applyingBody: 'Hermes 更新器会在自己的窗口中接管，并在完成后自动重新打开 Hermes。更新期间请不要自行重新打开 Hermes。',
+    applyingBody:
+      'Hermes 更新器会在自己的窗口中接管，并在完成后自动重新打开 Hermes。更新期间请不要自行重新打开 Hermes。',
     applyingBodyBackend: '远程后端正在应用更新并将重启。恢复后 Hermes 会自动重新连接。',
     applyingClose: '此窗口会在更新期间关闭，随后 Hermes 会自动重新打开。',
     errorTitle: '更新未完成',
@@ -2075,7 +2078,55 @@ export const zh: Translations = {
       statusRunning: '运行中',
       statusError: '错误',
       statusRecovered: '已恢复',
-      statusDone: '完成'
+      statusDone: '完成',
+      actions: {
+        read: '已读取',
+        reading: '正在读取',
+        opened: '已打开',
+        opening: '正在打开',
+        searched: '已搜索',
+        searching: '正在搜索',
+        ran: '已运行',
+        running: '正在运行',
+        ranCode: '已运行代码',
+        runningCode: '正在编写脚本'
+      },
+      prefixes: {
+        browser: '浏览器',
+        web: '网页'
+      },
+      titleTemplates: {
+        actionCommand: (action, command) => `${action} · ${command}`,
+        actionQuoted: (action, value) => `${action}“${value}”`,
+        actionTarget: (action, target) => `${action} ${target}`,
+        prefixedDone: (prefix, action) => `${prefix}${action}`,
+        runningPrefixedTool: (prefix, action) => `正在运行${prefix}${action}`,
+        runningTool: action => `正在运行 ${action}`
+      },
+      titles: {
+        browser_click: { done: '已点击页面元素', pending: '正在点击页面元素', pendingAction: '正在点击' },
+        browser_fill: { done: '已填写表单字段', pending: '正在填写表单字段', pendingAction: '正在填写' },
+        browser_navigate: { done: '已打开页面', pending: '正在打开页面', pendingAction: '正在打开' },
+        browser_snapshot: { done: '已捕获页面快照', pending: '正在捕获页面快照', pendingAction: '正在捕获' },
+        browser_take_screenshot: { done: '已捕获截图', pending: '正在捕获截图', pendingAction: '正在捕获' },
+        browser_type: { done: '已在页面输入', pending: '正在页面输入', pendingAction: '正在输入' },
+        clarify: { done: '已提问', pending: '正在提问', pendingAction: '正在提问' },
+        cronjob: { done: 'Cron 任务', pending: '正在安排 Cron 任务', pendingAction: '正在安排' },
+        edit_file: { done: '已编辑文件', pending: '正在编辑文件', pendingAction: '正在编辑' },
+        execute_code: { done: '已运行代码', pending: '正在编写脚本', pendingAction: '正在编写脚本' },
+        image_generate: { done: '已生成图片', pending: '正在生成图片', pendingAction: '正在生成' },
+        list_files: { done: '已列出文件', pending: '正在列出文件', pendingAction: '正在列出' },
+        patch: { done: '已修补文件', pending: '正在修补文件', pendingAction: '正在修补' },
+        read_file: { done: '已读取文件', pending: '正在读取文件', pendingAction: '正在读取' },
+        search_files: { done: '已搜索文件', pending: '正在搜索文件', pendingAction: '正在搜索' },
+        session_search_recall: { done: '已搜索会话历史', pending: '正在搜索会话历史', pendingAction: '正在搜索' },
+        terminal: { done: '已运行命令', pending: '正在运行命令', pendingAction: '正在运行' },
+        todo: { done: '已更新待办', pending: '正在更新待办', pendingAction: '正在更新' },
+        vision_analyze: { done: '已分析图片', pending: '正在分析图片', pendingAction: '正在分析' },
+        web_extract: { done: '已读取网页', pending: '正在读取网页', pendingAction: '正在读取' },
+        web_search: { done: '已搜索网页', pending: '正在搜索网页', pendingAction: '正在搜索' },
+        write_file: { done: '已编辑文件', pending: '正在编辑文件', pendingAction: '正在编辑' }
+      }
     }
   },