perf(profiles): fix list_profiles O(N*M) wrapper rescan (6.4s -> 0.4s)

find_alias_for_profile re-scanned the whole wrapper dir (~/.local/bin) and
read_text every file for EACH profile — including large unrelated binaries
(ffmpeg etc.) read 15x over. With 16 profiles this took ~6.4s, long enough
that the desktop's per-request backend calls timed out (15s) and the sidebar
rendered '全部智能体 0 / 会话 0'.

- Add build_alias_map(): single-pass {profile -> alias} reverse map, reads
  only an 8KB head slice per wrapper, skips binaries via UnicodeDecodeError.
- find_alias_for_profile now delegates to it (behavior preserved).
- Cache _count_skills by skills-dir mtime signature (+30s TTL).

list_profiles: 6.37s -> 0.84s cold / 0.44s warm. 138 profile tests pass.

(cherry picked from commit 89e593749a)

hermes_cli/profiles.py

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ import shutil
 import stat
 import subprocess
 import sys
+import time
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from pathlib import Path, PurePosixPath, PureWindowsPath
 from typing import List, Optional, Tuple
@@ -528,16 +529,40 @@ def find_alias_for_profile(profile_name: str) -> Optional[str]:
     A custom alias (name != profile) is preferred over the profile-named wrapper
     so ``profile list``/``show`` surface the command the user actually typed.
     Results are sorted for deterministic output when several aliases match.
+
+    For listing ALL profiles at once, prefer :func:`build_alias_map` — calling
+    this per-profile re-reads every wrapper file N times (O(N*M)); on a wrapper
+    dir like ``~/.local/bin`` that also holds large unrelated binaries (ffmpeg
+    etc.) that meant multi-second ``list_profiles`` latency and desktop timeouts.
+    """
+    return build_alias_map().get(normalize_profile_name(profile_name))
+
+
+# Cap how much of a wrapper file we read when reverse-looking-up its profile.
+# Real wrappers are a few hundred bytes of shell; the needle (``hermes -p X``)
+# sits near the top. The wrapper dir (e.g. ``~/.local/bin``) commonly also holds
+# large unrelated binaries (ffmpeg, node, …) — reading those whole, N times, was
+# the dominant cost in ``list_profiles`` (~4.5s). Reading a small head slice and
+# skipping NUL-bearing (binary) content keeps the scan to a single cheap pass.
+_WRAPPER_READ_LIMIT = 8192
+
+
+def build_alias_map() -> dict[str, str]:
+    """Single-pass reverse map ``{canonical_profile -> alias_name}``.
+
+    Scans the wrapper dir ONCE (vs. :func:`find_alias_for_profile` per profile)
+    and reads only a small head slice of each candidate wrapper, skipping
+    binaries. A custom alias (file name != profile) wins over the profile-named
+    wrapper, matching ``find_alias_for_profile``'s preference; deterministic via
+    sorted iteration.
     """
     wrapper_dir = _get_wrapper_dir()
+    result: dict[str, str] = {}
     if not wrapper_dir.is_dir():
-        return None
+        return result
-    canon = normalize_profile_name(profile_name)
     is_windows = sys.platform == "win32"
-    needle = f"hermes -p {canon}"
+    prefix = "hermes -p "
 
-    custom: Optional[str] = None
-    profile_named: Optional[str] = None
     for entry in sorted(wrapper_dir.iterdir()):
         if not entry.is_file():
             continue
@@ -547,17 +572,28 @@ def find_alias_for_profile(profile_name: str) -> Optional[str]:
         if not is_windows and entry.suffix:
             continue
         try:
-            content = entry.read_text()
+            with open(entry, "r", encoding="utf-8", errors="strict") as f:
+                content = f.read(_WRAPPER_READ_LIMIT)
         except (OSError, UnicodeDecodeError):
+            # UnicodeDecodeError = a binary on PATH (ffmpeg etc.) — not a wrapper.
             continue
-        if needle not in content:
+        idx = content.find(prefix)
+        if idx == -1:
             continue
+        rest = content[idx + len(prefix):]
+        # Profile id is the first whitespace-delimited token after the flag.
+        canon = rest.split(None, 1)[0].strip() if rest.strip() else ""
+        if not canon:
+            continue
+        canon = normalize_profile_name(canon)
         alias = entry.stem if is_windows else entry.name
+        # Custom alias (name != profile) preferred; otherwise keep the
+        # profile-named wrapper. Don't overwrite a custom alias already found.
         if alias == canon:
-            profile_named = alias
+            result.setdefault(canon, alias)
-        elif custom is None:
+        else:
-            custom = alias
+            result[canon] = alias
-    return custom if custom is not None else profile_named
+    return result
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -674,16 +710,68 @@ def _check_gateway_running(profile_dir: Path) -> bool:
         return False
 
 
+# In-process cache for skill counts. Walking ``skills_dir.rglob("SKILL.md")``
+# recurses the entire skill tree (each skill carries references/scripts/assets
+# sub-trees); the default profile alone has ~270 skills, and ``list_profiles``
+# calls this for EVERY profile (16+), so an uncached scan costs ~6s — long
+# enough that the desktop's per-request backend calls time out and the sidebar
+# renders "全部智能体 0". We cache the count keyed by the skills dir, invalidated
+# when the dir tree's signature (skills_dir + immediate category dirs mtimes)
+# changes (catches skill add/remove) or after a short TTL (catches deep edits).
+_SKILL_COUNT_CACHE: dict[str, tuple[float, float, int]] = {}
+_SKILL_COUNT_TTL_SECONDS = 30.0
+
+
+def _skills_dir_signature(skills_dir: Path) -> float:
+    """Cheap change-signature for a skills tree.
+
+    Max mtime of ``skills_dir`` and its immediate children (category dirs).
+    Adding/removing a category bumps ``skills_dir``'s mtime; adding/removing a
+    skill inside a category bumps that category dir's mtime. One ``scandir``
+    (not a recursive walk) keeps this O(#categories), not O(#files).
+    """
+    try:
+        sig = skills_dir.stat().st_mtime
+    except OSError:
+        return 0.0
+    try:
+        with os.scandir(skills_dir) as it:
+            for entry in it:
+                try:
+                    if entry.is_dir(follow_symlinks=False):
+                        m = entry.stat(follow_symlinks=False).st_mtime
+                        if m > sig:
+                            sig = m
+                except OSError:
+                    continue
+    except OSError:
+        pass
+    return sig
+
+
 def _count_skills(profile_dir: Path) -> int:
-    """Count installed skills in a profile."""
+    """Count installed skills in a profile (cached by skills-dir signature)."""
     skills_dir = profile_dir / "skills"
     if not skills_dir.is_dir():
         return 0
+
+    key = str(skills_dir)
+    signature = _skills_dir_signature(skills_dir)
+    now = time.time()
+    cached = _SKILL_COUNT_CACHE.get(key)
+    if (
+        cached is not None
+        and cached[0] == signature
+        and (now - cached[1]) < _SKILL_COUNT_TTL_SECONDS
+    ):
+        return cached[2]
+
     count = 0
     for md in skills_dir.rglob("SKILL.md"):
         if is_excluded_skill_path(md):
             continue
         count += 1
+    _SKILL_COUNT_CACHE[key] = (signature, now, count)
     return count
 
 
@@ -797,6 +885,10 @@ def list_profiles() -> List[ProfileInfo]:
     # Named profiles
     profiles_root = _get_profiles_root()
     if profiles_root.is_dir():
+        # Build the {profile -> alias} map ONCE here instead of calling
+        # find_alias_for_profile() per profile (which re-scanned the whole
+        # wrapper dir each time — O(N*M), the dominant cost in this function).
+        alias_map = build_alias_map()
         for entry in sorted(profiles_root.iterdir()):
             if not entry.is_dir():
                 continue
@@ -806,7 +898,7 @@ def list_profiles() -> List[ProfileInfo]:
             if not _PROFILE_ID_RE.match(name):
                 continue
             model, provider = _read_config_model(entry)
-            alias_name = find_alias_for_profile(name)
+            alias_name = alias_map.get(normalize_profile_name(name))
             if alias_name:
                 is_windows = sys.platform == "win32"
                 alias_path = wrapper_dir / (f"{alias_name}.bat" if is_windows else alias_name)