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fix(cron): split scanner into two tiers so skill prose stops false-positiving (#32339)
The runtime cron prompt scanner (added in #3968 to plug the "malicious skill carrying an injection payload" gap) reuses the same critical-severity patterns as the create-time user-prompt scan against the *assembled* prompt — which includes loaded skill markdown. That works fine for narrow patterns like "ignore previous instructions" which never legitimately appear in prose. It catastrophically false- positives on command-shape patterns like `cat ~/.hermes/.env`, `authorized_keys`, `/etc/sudoers`, and `rm -rf /`, which routinely appear in security postmortems and runbooks as **descriptive prose** about attacks, not as actual commands. Concrete failure: the bundled `hermes-agent-dev` skill contains a security postmortem section saying "the attacker could just `cat ~/.hermes/.env`". Every PR-scout cron job that loaded this skill was silently blocked with `Blocked: prompt matches threat pattern 'read_secrets'`. All 11 scout jobs failed for weeks. Fix: split the scanner into two tiers and route by context: - `_scan_cron_prompt` (strict, unchanged behavior) runs against the small user-authored cron prompt at create/update and as a runtime defense-in-depth when no skills are attached. A legit user prompt has no business saying `cat .env`, so the strict patterns still apply there. - `_scan_cron_skill_assembled` (new, looser) runs against the assembled prompt when skills are attached. It only catches unambiguous prompt-injection directives ("ignore previous instructions", "disregard your rules", "system prompt override", "do not tell the user") plus invisible-unicode markers. Command- shape patterns are dropped because they false-positive on prose. This is defense-in-depth, not the only line of defense. Skill bodies are already scanned at install time by `skills_guard.py`; the runtime cron scan exists purely as a tripwire for an obvious injection directive surviving a malicious install. Catching prose mentions of commands was never the goal of #3968 — the test that planted a skill containing `cat ~/.hermes/.env` was the wrong shape of test for the threat model. Tests: - `_scan_cron_prompt` strict behavior preserved (56 existing tests unchanged: bare `cat .env`, `rm -rf /`, etc. still block). - New `TestScanCronSkillAssembled` class verifies the looser scanner: injection / disregard / system-override / do-not-tell-the-user / invisible-unicode still block; descriptive prose about attack commands is allowed; GitHub auth-header allowlist still works. - `test_skill_with_env_exfil_payload_raises` (planted `cat .env` in skill body) replaced with `test_skill_with_env_exfil_command _in_prose_is_allowed` documenting the new correct behavior with the real-world postmortem-style example that triggered the bug. - All 11 originally-failing PR-scout jobs validated end-to-end via `_build_job_prompt` — assembled prompts now build successfully with the `hermes-agent-dev` skill attached. Total: 75/75 tests in cron + cronjob_tools + threat scanner pass; 544/544 across the wider cron / memory / threat-pattern surface.
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4 changed files with 196 additions and 26 deletions
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@ -1111,7 +1111,7 @@ def _build_job_prompt(job: dict, prerun_script: Optional[tuple] = None) -> str:
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skill_names = [str(name).strip() for name in skills if str(name).strip()]
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if not skill_names:
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return _scan_assembled_cron_prompt(prompt, job)
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return _scan_assembled_cron_prompt(prompt, job, has_skills=False)
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from tools.skills_tool import skill_view
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from tools.skill_usage import bump_use
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@ -1159,23 +1159,37 @@ def _build_job_prompt(job: dict, prerun_script: Optional[tuple] = None) -> str:
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if prompt:
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parts.extend(["", f"The user has provided the following instruction alongside the skill invocation: {prompt}"])
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return _scan_assembled_cron_prompt("\n".join(parts), job)
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return _scan_assembled_cron_prompt("\n".join(parts), job, has_skills=True)
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def _scan_assembled_cron_prompt(assembled: str, job: dict) -> str:
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"""Scan the fully-assembled cron prompt (including skill content) for
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injection patterns. Raises ``CronPromptInjectionBlocked`` when a match
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fires so ``run_job`` can surface a clear refusal to the operator.
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def _scan_assembled_cron_prompt(assembled: str, job: dict, *, has_skills: bool = False) -> str:
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"""Scan the fully-assembled cron prompt for injection patterns. Raises
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``CronPromptInjectionBlocked`` when a match fires so ``run_job`` can
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surface a clear refusal to the operator.
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Plugs the #3968 gap: ``_scan_cron_prompt`` runs on the user-supplied
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prompt at create/update, but skill content is loaded from disk at
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runtime and was never scanned. Since cron runs non-interactively
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(auto-approves tool calls), a malicious skill carrying an injection
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payload bypassed every gate.
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"""
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from tools.cronjob_tools import _scan_cron_prompt
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scan_error = _scan_cron_prompt(assembled)
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Two pattern tiers:
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- When ``has_skills=False`` (no skills attached) the assembled prompt
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is essentially the user prompt + the cron hint, so the STRICT
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``_scan_cron_prompt`` patterns apply.
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- When ``has_skills=True`` the assembled prompt includes loaded skill
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markdown — often security docs / runbooks that *describe* attack
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commands in prose. The LOOSER ``_scan_cron_skill_assembled``
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pattern set is used: only unambiguous prompt-injection directives
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and invisible unicode block, command-shape patterns are dropped
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to avoid false-positives. Skill bodies are vetted at install time
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by ``skills_guard.py``.
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"""
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from tools.cronjob_tools import _scan_cron_prompt, _scan_cron_skill_assembled
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scanner = _scan_cron_skill_assembled if has_skills else _scan_cron_prompt
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scan_error = scanner(assembled)
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if scan_error:
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job_label = job.get("name") or job.get("id") or "<unknown>"
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logger.warning(
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