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176
website/docs/user-guide/messaging/email.md
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176
website/docs/user-guide/messaging/email.md
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---
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sidebar_position: 7
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title: "Email"
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description: "Set up Hermes Agent as an email assistant via IMAP/SMTP"
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---
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# Email Setup
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Hermes can receive and reply to emails using standard IMAP and SMTP protocols. Send an email to the agent's address and it replies in-thread — no special client or bot API needed. Works with Gmail, Outlook, Yahoo, Fastmail, or any provider that supports IMAP/SMTP.
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:::info No External Dependencies
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The Email adapter uses Python's built-in `imaplib`, `smtplib`, and `email` modules. No additional packages or external services are required.
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:::
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---
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## Prerequisites
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- **A dedicated email account** for your Hermes agent (don't use your personal email)
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- **IMAP enabled** on the email account
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- **An app password** if using Gmail or another provider with 2FA
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### Gmail Setup
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1. Enable 2-Factor Authentication on your Google Account
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2. Go to [App Passwords](https://myaccount.google.com/apppasswords)
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3. Create a new App Password (select "Mail" or "Other")
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4. Copy the 16-character password — you'll use this instead of your regular password
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### Outlook / Microsoft 365
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1. Go to [Security Settings](https://account.microsoft.com/security)
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2. Enable 2FA if not already active
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3. Create an App Password under "Additional security options"
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4. IMAP host: `outlook.office365.com`, SMTP host: `smtp.office365.com`
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### Other Providers
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Most email providers support IMAP/SMTP. Check your provider's documentation for:
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- IMAP host and port (usually port 993 with SSL)
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- SMTP host and port (usually port 587 with STARTTLS)
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- Whether app passwords are required
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---
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## Step 1: Configure Hermes
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The easiest way:
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```bash
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hermes gateway setup
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```
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Select **Email** from the platform menu. The wizard prompts for your email address, password, IMAP/SMTP hosts, and allowed senders.
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### Manual Configuration
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Add to `~/.hermes/.env`:
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```bash
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# Required
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EMAIL_ADDRESS=hermes@gmail.com
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EMAIL_PASSWORD=abcd efgh ijkl mnop # App password (not your regular password)
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EMAIL_IMAP_HOST=imap.gmail.com
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EMAIL_SMTP_HOST=smtp.gmail.com
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# Security (recommended)
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EMAIL_ALLOWED_USERS=your@email.com,colleague@work.com
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# Optional
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EMAIL_IMAP_PORT=993 # Default: 993 (IMAP SSL)
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EMAIL_SMTP_PORT=587 # Default: 587 (SMTP STARTTLS)
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EMAIL_POLL_INTERVAL=15 # Seconds between inbox checks (default: 15)
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EMAIL_HOME_ADDRESS=your@email.com # Default delivery target for cron jobs
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```
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---
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## Step 2: Start the Gateway
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```bash
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hermes gateway # Run in foreground
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hermes gateway install # Install as a system service
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```
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On startup, the adapter:
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1. Tests IMAP and SMTP connections
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2. Marks all existing inbox messages as "seen" (only processes new emails)
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3. Starts polling for new messages
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---
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## How It Works
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### Receiving Messages
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The adapter polls the IMAP inbox for UNSEEN messages at a configurable interval (default: 15 seconds). For each new email:
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- **Subject line** is included as context (e.g., `[Subject: Deploy to production]`)
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- **Reply emails** (subject starting with `Re:`) skip the subject prefix — the thread context is already established
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- **Attachments** are cached locally:
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- Images (JPEG, PNG, GIF, WebP) → available to the vision tool
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- Documents (PDF, ZIP, etc.) → available for file access
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- **HTML-only emails** have tags stripped for plain text extraction
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- **Self-messages** are filtered out to prevent reply loops
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### Sending Replies
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Replies are sent via SMTP with proper email threading:
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- **In-Reply-To** and **References** headers maintain the thread
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- **Subject line** preserved with `Re:` prefix (no double `Re: Re:`)
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- **Message-ID** generated with the agent's domain
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- Responses are sent as plain text (UTF-8)
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### File Attachments
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The agent can send file attachments in replies. Include `MEDIA:/path/to/file` in the response and the file is attached to the outgoing email.
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---
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## Access Control
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Email access follows the same pattern as all other Hermes platforms:
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1. **`EMAIL_ALLOWED_USERS` set** → only emails from those addresses are processed
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2. **No allowlist set** → unknown senders get a pairing code
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3. **`EMAIL_ALLOW_ALL_USERS=true`** → any sender is accepted (use with caution)
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:::warning
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**Always configure `EMAIL_ALLOWED_USERS`.** Without it, anyone who knows the agent's email address could send commands. The agent has terminal access by default.
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:::
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---
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## Troubleshooting
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| Problem | Solution |
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|---------|----------|
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| **"IMAP connection failed"** at startup | Verify `EMAIL_IMAP_HOST` and `EMAIL_IMAP_PORT`. Ensure IMAP is enabled on the account. For Gmail, enable it in Settings → Forwarding and POP/IMAP. |
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| **"SMTP connection failed"** at startup | Verify `EMAIL_SMTP_HOST` and `EMAIL_SMTP_PORT`. Check that your password is correct (use App Password for Gmail). |
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| **Messages not received** | Check `EMAIL_ALLOWED_USERS` includes the sender's email. Check spam folder — some providers flag automated replies. |
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| **"Authentication failed"** | For Gmail, you must use an App Password, not your regular password. Ensure 2FA is enabled first. |
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| **Duplicate replies** | Ensure only one gateway instance is running. Check `hermes gateway status`. |
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| **Slow response** | The default poll interval is 15 seconds. Reduce with `EMAIL_POLL_INTERVAL=5` for faster response (but more IMAP connections). |
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| **Replies not threading** | The adapter uses In-Reply-To headers. Some email clients (especially web-based) may not thread correctly with automated messages. |
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---
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## Security
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:::warning
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**Use a dedicated email account.** Don't use your personal email — the agent stores the password in `.env` and has full inbox access via IMAP.
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:::
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- Use **App Passwords** instead of your main password (required for Gmail with 2FA)
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- Set `EMAIL_ALLOWED_USERS` to restrict who can interact with the agent
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- The password is stored in `~/.hermes/.env` — protect this file (`chmod 600`)
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- IMAP uses SSL (port 993) and SMTP uses STARTTLS (port 587) by default — connections are encrypted
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---
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## Environment Variables Reference
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| Variable | Required | Default | Description |
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|----------|----------|---------|-------------|
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| `EMAIL_ADDRESS` | Yes | — | Agent's email address |
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| `EMAIL_PASSWORD` | Yes | — | Email password or app password |
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| `EMAIL_IMAP_HOST` | Yes | — | IMAP server host (e.g., `imap.gmail.com`) |
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| `EMAIL_SMTP_HOST` | Yes | — | SMTP server host (e.g., `smtp.gmail.com`) |
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| `EMAIL_IMAP_PORT` | No | `993` | IMAP server port |
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| `EMAIL_SMTP_PORT` | No | `587` | SMTP server port |
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| `EMAIL_POLL_INTERVAL` | No | `15` | Seconds between inbox checks |
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| `EMAIL_ALLOWED_USERS` | No | — | Comma-separated allowed sender addresses |
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| `EMAIL_HOME_ADDRESS` | No | — | Default delivery target for cron jobs |
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| `EMAIL_ALLOW_ALL_USERS` | No | `false` | Allow all senders (not recommended) |
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@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
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---
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sidebar_position: 1
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title: "Messaging Gateway"
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description: "Chat with Hermes from Telegram, Discord, Slack, WhatsApp, or Signal — architecture and setup overview"
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description: "Chat with Hermes from Telegram, Discord, Slack, WhatsApp, Signal, or Email — architecture and setup overview"
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---
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# Messaging Gateway
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Chat with Hermes from Telegram, Discord, Slack, WhatsApp, or Signal. The gateway is a single background process that connects to all your configured platforms, handles sessions, runs cron jobs, and delivers voice messages.
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Chat with Hermes from Telegram, Discord, Slack, WhatsApp, Signal, or Email. The gateway is a single background process that connects to all your configured platforms, handles sessions, runs cron jobs, and delivers voice messages.
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## Architecture
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@ -15,12 +15,12 @@ Chat with Hermes from Telegram, Discord, Slack, WhatsApp, or Signal. The gateway
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│ Hermes Gateway │
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├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
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│ │
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│ ┌──────────┐ ┌──────────┐ ┌──────────┐ ┌──────────┐ ┌────────┐ │
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│ │ Telegram │ │ Discord │ │ WhatsApp │ │ Slack │ │ Signal │ │
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│ │ Adapter │ │ Adapter │ │ Adapter │ │ Adapter │ │ Adapter│ │
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│ └────┬─────┘ └────┬─────┘ └────┬─────┘ └────┬─────┘ └───┬────┘ │
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│ │ │ │ │ │ │
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│ └─────────────┼────────────┼─────────────┼───────────┘ │
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│ ┌──────────┐ ┌──────────┐ ┌──────────┐ ┌────────┐ ┌────────┐ ┌───────┐│
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│ │ Telegram │ │ Discord │ │ WhatsApp │ │ Slack │ │ Signal │ │ Email ││
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│ │ Adapter │ │ Adapter │ │ Adapter │ │Adapter │ │Adapter │ │Adapter││
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│ └────┬─────┘ └────┬─────┘ └────┬─────┘ └───┬────┘ └───┬────┘ └──┬────┘│
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│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │
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│ └─────────────┼────────────┼────────────┼──────────┼─────────┘ │
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│ │ │
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│ ┌────────▼────────┐ │
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│ │ Session Store │ │
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# Restrict to specific users (recommended):
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TELEGRAM_ALLOWED_USERS=123456789,987654321
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DISCORD_ALLOWED_USERS=123456789012345678
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SIGNAL_ALLOWED_USERS=+15551234567,+15559876543
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SIGNAL_ALLOWED_USERS=+155****4567,+155****6543
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EMAIL_ALLOWED_USERS=trusted@example.com,colleague@work.com
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# Or allow specific users across all platforms (comma-separated user IDs):
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# Or allow
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GATEWAY_ALLOWED_USERS=123456789,987654321
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# Or explicitly allow all users (NOT recommended for bots with terminal access):
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@ -202,6 +203,7 @@ Each platform has its own toolset:
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| WhatsApp | `hermes-whatsapp` | Full tools including terminal |
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| Slack | `hermes-slack` | Full tools including terminal |
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| Signal | `hermes-signal` | Full tools including terminal |
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| Email | `hermes-email` | Full tools including terminal |
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## Next Steps
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@ -210,3 +212,4 @@ Each platform has its own toolset:
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- [Slack Setup](slack.md)
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- [WhatsApp Setup](whatsapp.md)
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- [Signal Setup](signal.md)
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- [Email Setup](email.md)
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