diff --git a/agent/context_compressor.py b/agent/context_compressor.py
index f99e508e5293..705cf0fdfe00 100644
--- a/agent/context_compressor.py
+++ b/agent/context_compressor.py
@@ -1022,38 +1022,51 @@ class ContextCompressor(ContextEngine):
             self._fallback_compression_streak = 0
         self._persist_fallback_compression_streak()
 
-    def get_active_compression_failure_cooldown(self) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
+    def get_active_compression_failure_cooldown(
+        self,
+        *,
+        refresh: bool = False,
+    ) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
         """Return the live compression-failure cooldown for the bound session."""
         now_mono = time.monotonic()
+        local_state = None
         if self._summary_failure_cooldown_until > now_mono:
-            return {
+            local_state = {
                 "cooldown_until": time.time() + (
                     self._summary_failure_cooldown_until - now_mono
                 ),
                 "remaining_seconds": self._summary_failure_cooldown_until - now_mono,
                 "error": self._last_summary_error,
             }
+            if not refresh:
+                return local_state
 
         session_db = getattr(self, "_session_db", None)
         session_id = getattr(self, "_session_id", "")
         if not session_db or not session_id:
-            return None
+            return local_state
 
         getter = getattr(session_db, "get_compression_failure_cooldown", None)
         if getter is None:
-            return None
+            return local_state
         try:
             state = getter(session_id)
         except sqlite3.Error as exc:
             logger.debug("compression failure cooldown lookup failed: %s", exc)
-            return None
+            return local_state
         except Exception:
-            return None
+            return local_state
         if not state:
+            if refresh:
+                self._summary_failure_cooldown_until = 0.0
+                self._last_summary_error = None
             return None
 
         remaining_seconds = float(state.get("remaining_seconds") or 0.0)
         if remaining_seconds <= 0:
+            if refresh:
+                self._summary_failure_cooldown_until = 0.0
+                self._last_summary_error = None
             return None
 
         self._summary_failure_cooldown_until = now_mono + remaining_seconds
diff --git a/agent/conversation_compression.py b/agent/conversation_compression.py
index d5099f08444c..bb88ff68abca 100644
--- a/agent/conversation_compression.py
+++ b/agent/conversation_compression.py
@@ -76,6 +76,35 @@ def _lock_api_is_absent_on_session_db(lock_db: Any) -> bool:
         return False
 
 
+def _refresh_persisted_compression_guards(compressor: Any) -> None:
+    """Refresh durable automatic-compression guards on a built-in compressor."""
+    method_calls = (
+        ("get_active_compression_failure_cooldown", {"refresh": True}),
+        ("_load_fallback_compression_streak", {}),
+    )
+    for method_name, kwargs in method_calls:
+        method = getattr(type(compressor), method_name, None)
+        if not callable(method):
+            continue
+        try:
+            method(compressor, **kwargs)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            logger.debug("compression guard refresh failed (%s): %s", method_name, exc)
+
+
+def _session_was_rotated_by_compression(session_db: Any, session_id: str) -> bool:
+    """Return whether another path already rotated this compression parent."""
+    getter = getattr(type(session_db), "get_session", None)
+    if not callable(getter):
+        return False
+    session = getter(session_db, session_id)
+    return bool(
+        session
+        and session.get("ended_at") is not None
+        and session.get("end_reason") == "compression"
+    )
+
+
 def _compression_lock_holder(agent: Any) -> str:
     """Build a unique holder id for the lock: pid:tid:agent-instance:uuid.
 
@@ -612,6 +641,7 @@ def compress_context(
     # breaker state. Gateway hygiene constructs a fresh AIAgent, so the
     # persisted fallback streak is loaded by bind_session_state() before this.
     if not force:
+        _refresh_persisted_compression_guards(agent.context_compressor)
         blocked = getattr(
             type(agent.context_compressor),
             "_automatic_compression_blocked",
@@ -814,6 +844,58 @@ def compress_context(
             except Exception as _rel_err:
                 logger.debug("compression lock release failed: %s", _rel_err)
 
+    # A delayed contender can acquire the parent lock after the winning path
+    # has released it and completed rotation. The lock serializes work but does
+    # not by itself prove that this stale agent still owns a live parent.
+    if _lock_db is not None and _lock_sid:
+        try:
+            _parent_already_rotated = _session_was_rotated_by_compression(
+                _lock_db, _lock_sid
+            )
+        except Exception as _session_err:
+            logger.warning(
+                "compression session ownership lookup failed for session=%s "
+                "(%s: %s) - skipping compression this cycle",
+                _lock_sid,
+                type(_session_err).__name__,
+                _session_err,
+            )
+            _release_lock()
+            _existing_sp = getattr(agent, "_cached_system_prompt", None)
+            if not _existing_sp:
+                _existing_sp = agent._build_system_prompt(system_message)
+            return messages, _existing_sp
+        if _parent_already_rotated:
+            logger.info(
+                "compression skipped: session=%s was already rotated by "
+                "another compression path",
+                _lock_sid,
+            )
+            _release_lock()
+            _existing_sp = getattr(agent, "_cached_system_prompt", None)
+            if not _existing_sp:
+                _existing_sp = agent._build_system_prompt(system_message)
+            return messages, _existing_sp
+
+    # The agent may have been constructed before another path completed an
+    # in-place compaction on the same session. Re-read durable breaker state
+    # after acquiring the session lock so this final gate cannot act on the
+    # stale snapshot loaded by bind_session_state().
+    if not force:
+        compressor = agent.context_compressor
+        _refresh_persisted_compression_guards(compressor)
+        blocked = getattr(
+            type(compressor),
+            "_automatic_compression_blocked",
+            None,
+        )
+        if callable(blocked) and blocked(compressor):
+            _release_lock()
+            existing_prompt = getattr(agent, "_cached_system_prompt", None)
+            if not existing_prompt:
+                existing_prompt = agent._build_system_prompt(system_message)
+            return messages, existing_prompt
+
     # Notify external memory provider before compression discards context
     if agent._memory_manager:
         try:
diff --git a/tests/agent/test_compression_rotation_state.py b/tests/agent/test_compression_rotation_state.py
index a88db5f364b5..07e714aca31c 100644
--- a/tests/agent/test_compression_rotation_state.py
+++ b/tests/agent/test_compression_rotation_state.py
@@ -18,9 +18,12 @@ These tests drive the real ``compress_context`` path against a real SessionDB.
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import os
+import time
 from pathlib import Path
 from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
 
+import pytest
+
 from agent.context_compressor import ContextCompressor
 from hermes_state import SessionDB
 
@@ -65,6 +68,31 @@ def _msgs(n=20):
     return [{"role": "user", "content": f"m{i}"} for i in range(n)]
 
 
+def _bound_context_compressor(db: SessionDB, session_id: str) -> ContextCompressor:
+    with patch(
+        "agent.context_compressor.get_model_context_length",
+        return_value=100_000,
+    ):
+        compressor = ContextCompressor(
+            model="test/model",
+            threshold_percent=0.85,
+            protect_first_n=2,
+            protect_last_n=2,
+            quiet_mode=True,
+        )
+    compressor.bind_session_state(db, session_id)
+    return compressor
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def refresh_state_db(tmp_path: Path):
+    db = SessionDB(db_path=tmp_path / "state.db")
+    try:
+        yield db
+    finally:
+        db.close()
+
+
 class TestGoalMigratesOnRotation:
     def test_goal_follows_compression_rotation(self, tmp_path: Path):
         db = SessionDB(db_path=tmp_path / "state.db")
@@ -224,3 +252,245 @@ class TestFallbackStreakFollowsRotation:
         assert child != parent
         assert compressor._fallback_compression_streak == 1
         assert db.get_compression_fallback_streak(child) == 1
+
+
+class TestAutomaticCompressionStateRefreshAfterLock:
+    def test_prebound_agent_rejects_parent_rotated_before_lock_acquisition(
+        self,
+        refresh_state_db: SessionDB,
+    ):
+        db = refresh_state_db
+        parent_id = "STALE_ROTATED_PARENT"
+        child_id = "CANONICAL_COMPRESSION_CHILD"
+        db.create_session(parent_id, source="telegram")
+        agent = _build_agent_with_db(db, parent_id, platform="telegram")
+        compressor = _bound_context_compressor(db, parent_id)
+
+        # A competing path completes rotation after this call's initial checks
+        # but before it acquires the parent lock.
+        real_acquire = db.try_acquire_compression_lock
+
+        def _acquire_after_rotation(*args, **kwargs):
+            db.end_session(parent_id, "compression")
+            db.create_session(
+                child_id,
+                source="telegram",
+                parent_session_id=parent_id,
+            )
+            return real_acquire(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        db.try_acquire_compression_lock = _acquire_after_rotation
+        agent.context_compressor = compressor
+        agent.compression_in_place = False
+        agent._compression_feasibility_checked = True
+        messages = _msgs()
+
+        with patch.object(
+            compressor,
+            "compress",
+            side_effect=AssertionError("stale parent was compressed again"),
+        ) as compress:
+            returned, _ = agent._compress_context(
+                messages,
+                "sys",
+                approx_tokens=120_000,
+                force=True,
+            )
+
+        children = db._conn.execute(
+            "SELECT id FROM sessions WHERE parent_session_id = ?",
+            (parent_id,),
+        ).fetchall()
+        assert returned is messages
+        assert agent.session_id == parent_id
+        assert [row["id"] for row in children] == [child_id]
+        compress.assert_not_called()
+        assert db.get_compression_lock_holder(parent_id) is None
+
+    def test_prebound_agent_reloads_persisted_streak_before_compressing(
+        self,
+        refresh_state_db: SessionDB,
+    ):
+        db = refresh_state_db
+        session_id = "STALE_FALLBACK_BREAKER"
+        db.create_session(session_id, source="telegram")
+        db.set_compression_fallback_streak(session_id, 1)
+        agent = _build_agent_with_db(db, session_id, platform="telegram")
+        compressor = _bound_context_compressor(db, session_id)
+        assert compressor._fallback_compression_streak == 1
+
+        # A second agent finishes an in-place fallback boundary after this
+        # call's initial gate but while it is acquiring the session lock.
+        real_acquire = db.try_acquire_compression_lock
+
+        def _acquire_after_fallback(*args, **kwargs):
+            db.set_compression_fallback_streak(session_id, 2)
+            return real_acquire(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        db.try_acquire_compression_lock = _acquire_after_fallback
+        agent.context_compressor = compressor
+        agent.compression_in_place = True
+        agent._compression_feasibility_checked = True
+        messages = _msgs()
+
+        with patch.object(
+            compressor,
+            "compress",
+            side_effect=AssertionError("stale agent bypassed fallback breaker"),
+        ) as compress:
+            returned, _ = agent._compress_context(
+                messages,
+                "sys",
+                approx_tokens=120_000,
+            )
+
+        assert returned is messages
+        assert compressor._fallback_compression_streak == 2
+        compress.assert_not_called()
+        assert db.get_compression_lock_holder(session_id) is None
+
+    def test_prebound_agent_reloads_persisted_cooldown_before_compressing(
+        self,
+        refresh_state_db: SessionDB,
+    ):
+        db = refresh_state_db
+        session_id = "STALE_COMPRESSION_COOLDOWN"
+        db.create_session(session_id, source="telegram")
+        agent = _build_agent_with_db(db, session_id, platform="telegram")
+        compressor = _bound_context_compressor(db, session_id)
+        assert compressor.get_active_compression_failure_cooldown() is None
+
+        # Another agent records a provider cooldown after this call's initial
+        # gate but while it is acquiring the session lock.
+        real_acquire = db.try_acquire_compression_lock
+
+        def _acquire_after_cooldown(*args, **kwargs):
+            db.record_compression_failure_cooldown(
+                session_id,
+                time.time() + 60,
+                "rate limited",
+            )
+            return real_acquire(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        db.try_acquire_compression_lock = _acquire_after_cooldown
+        agent.context_compressor = compressor
+        agent.compression_in_place = True
+        agent._compression_feasibility_checked = True
+        messages = _msgs()
+
+        with patch.object(
+            compressor,
+            "compress",
+            side_effect=AssertionError("stale agent bypassed compression cooldown"),
+        ) as compress:
+            returned, _ = agent._compress_context(
+                messages,
+                "sys",
+                approx_tokens=120_000,
+            )
+
+        assert returned is messages
+        assert compressor.get_active_compression_failure_cooldown() is not None
+        compress.assert_not_called()
+        assert db.get_compression_lock_holder(session_id) is None
+
+    def test_prebound_agent_drops_stale_blocker_before_initial_gate(
+        self,
+        refresh_state_db: SessionDB,
+    ):
+        db = refresh_state_db
+        session_id = "CLEARED_FALLBACK_BREAKER"
+        db.create_session(session_id, source="telegram")
+        db.set_compression_fallback_streak(session_id, 2)
+        agent = _build_agent_with_db(db, session_id, platform="telegram")
+        compressor = _bound_context_compressor(db, session_id)
+        assert compressor._fallback_compression_streak == 2
+
+        # A healthy boundary on another agent clears the durable breaker after
+        # this compressor was bound. The initial gate must not remain stuck on
+        # its stale in-memory snapshot.
+        db.set_compression_fallback_streak(session_id, 0)
+        agent.context_compressor = compressor
+        agent.compression_in_place = True
+        agent._compression_feasibility_checked = True
+        messages = _msgs()
+
+        with patch.object(compressor, "compress", return_value=messages) as compress:
+            returned, _ = agent._compress_context(
+                messages,
+                "sys",
+                approx_tokens=120_000,
+            )
+
+        assert returned is messages
+        assert compressor._fallback_compression_streak == 0
+        compress.assert_called_once()
+        assert db.get_compression_lock_holder(session_id) is None
+
+    def test_prebound_agent_drops_stale_cooldown_before_initial_gate(
+        self,
+        refresh_state_db: SessionDB,
+    ):
+        db = refresh_state_db
+        session_id = "CLEARED_COMPRESSION_COOLDOWN"
+        db.create_session(session_id, source="telegram")
+        db.record_compression_failure_cooldown(
+            session_id,
+            time.time() + 60,
+            "rate limited",
+        )
+        agent = _build_agent_with_db(db, session_id, platform="telegram")
+        compressor = _bound_context_compressor(db, session_id)
+        assert compressor.get_active_compression_failure_cooldown() is not None
+
+        # A successful forced retry on another agent clears the durable row.
+        # This prebound compressor must not keep honoring its stale local timer.
+        db.clear_compression_failure_cooldown(session_id)
+        agent.context_compressor = compressor
+        agent.compression_in_place = True
+        agent._compression_feasibility_checked = True
+        messages = _msgs()
+
+        with patch.object(compressor, "compress", return_value=messages) as compress:
+            returned, _ = agent._compress_context(
+                messages,
+                "sys",
+                approx_tokens=120_000,
+            )
+
+        assert returned is messages
+        assert compressor.get_active_compression_failure_cooldown() is None
+        compress.assert_called_once()
+        assert db.get_compression_lock_holder(session_id) is None
+
+    def test_force_still_bypasses_refreshed_persisted_breaker(
+        self,
+        refresh_state_db: SessionDB,
+    ):
+        db = refresh_state_db
+        session_id = "FORCED_FALLBACK_RETRY"
+        db.create_session(session_id, source="telegram")
+        db.set_compression_fallback_streak(session_id, 2)
+        agent = _build_agent_with_db(db, session_id, platform="telegram")
+        compressor = _bound_context_compressor(db, session_id)
+        agent.context_compressor = compressor
+        agent.compression_in_place = True
+        agent._compression_feasibility_checked = True
+        messages = _msgs()
+
+        with patch.object(compressor, "compress", return_value=messages) as compress:
+            returned, _ = agent._compress_context(
+                messages,
+                "sys",
+                approx_tokens=120_000,
+                force=True,
+            )
+
+        assert returned is messages
+        compress.assert_called_once_with(
+            messages,
+            current_tokens=120_000,
+            focus_topic=None,
+            force=True,
+        )
+        assert db.get_compression_lock_holder(session_id) is None