Merge pull request #1490 from NousResearch/fix/1033-telegram-voice-fallback

fix: restore local STT fallback for gateway voice notes

gateway/run.py

@@ -3635,7 +3635,10 @@ class GatewayRunner:
                     )
                 else:
                     error = result.get("error", "unknown error")
-                    if "No STT provider" in error or "not set" in error:
+                    if (
+                        "No STT provider" in error
+                        or error.startswith("Neither VOICE_TOOLS_OPENAI_KEY nor OPENAI_API_KEY is set")
+                    ):
                         enriched_parts.append(
                             "[The user sent a voice message but I can't listen "
                             "to it right now~ No STT provider is configured "

tests/gateway/test_stt_config.py

@@ -51,3 +51,27 @@ async def test_enrich_message_with_transcription_skips_when_stt_disabled():
 
     assert "transcription is disabled" in result.lower()
     assert "caption" in result
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_enrich_message_with_transcription_avoids_bogus_no_provider_message_for_backend_key_errors():
+    from gateway.run import GatewayRunner
+
+    runner = GatewayRunner.__new__(GatewayRunner)
+    runner.config = GatewayConfig(stt_enabled=True)
+
+    with patch(
+        "tools.transcription_tools.transcribe_audio",
+        return_value={"success": False, "error": "VOICE_TOOLS_OPENAI_KEY not set"},
+    ), patch(
+        "tools.transcription_tools.get_stt_model_from_config",
+        return_value=None,
+    ):
+        result = await runner._enrich_message_with_transcription(
+            "caption",
+            ["/tmp/voice.ogg"],
+        )
+
+    assert "No STT provider is configured" not in result
+    assert "trouble transcribing" in result
+    assert "caption" in result

tests/tools/test_transcription_tools.py

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ end-to-end dispatch.  All external dependencies are mocked.
 
 import os
 import struct
+import subprocess
 import wave
 from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
 
@@ -45,7 +46,10 @@ def sample_ogg(tmp_path):
 def clean_env(monkeypatch):
     """Ensure no real API keys leak into tests."""
     monkeypatch.delenv("VOICE_TOOLS_OPENAI_KEY", raising=False)
+    monkeypatch.delenv("OPENAI_API_KEY", raising=False)
     monkeypatch.delenv("GROQ_API_KEY", raising=False)
+    monkeypatch.delenv("HERMES_LOCAL_STT_COMMAND", raising=False)
+    monkeypatch.delenv("HERMES_LOCAL_STT_LANGUAGE", raising=False)
 
 
 # ============================================================================
@@ -132,6 +136,19 @@ class TestGetProviderFallbackPriority:
             from tools.transcription_tools import _get_provider
             assert _get_provider({}) == "local"
 
+    def test_openai_fallback_to_local_command(self, monkeypatch):
+        monkeypatch.delenv("VOICE_TOOLS_OPENAI_KEY", raising=False)
+        monkeypatch.delenv("OPENAI_API_KEY", raising=False)
+        monkeypatch.delenv("GROQ_API_KEY", raising=False)
+        monkeypatch.setenv(
+            "HERMES_LOCAL_STT_COMMAND",
+            "whisper {input_path} --output_dir {output_dir} --language {language}",
+        )
+        with patch("tools.transcription_tools._HAS_FASTER_WHISPER", False), \
+             patch("tools.transcription_tools._HAS_OPENAI", True):
+            from tools.transcription_tools import _get_provider
+            assert _get_provider({"provider": "openai"}) == "local_command"
+
 
 # ============================================================================
 # _transcribe_groq
@@ -279,6 +296,63 @@ class TestTranscribeOpenAIExtended:
         assert "Permission denied" in result["error"]
 
 
+class TestTranscribeLocalCommand:
+    def test_auto_detects_local_whisper_binary(self, monkeypatch):
+        monkeypatch.delenv("HERMES_LOCAL_STT_COMMAND", raising=False)
+        monkeypatch.setattr("tools.transcription_tools._find_whisper_binary", lambda: "/opt/homebrew/bin/whisper")
+
+        from tools.transcription_tools import _get_local_command_template
+
+        template = _get_local_command_template()
+
+        assert template is not None
+        assert template.startswith("/opt/homebrew/bin/whisper ")
+        assert "{model}" in template
+        assert "{output_dir}" in template
+
+    def test_command_fallback_with_template(self, monkeypatch, sample_ogg, tmp_path):
+        out_dir = tmp_path / "local-out"
+        out_dir.mkdir()
+
+        monkeypatch.setenv(
+            "HERMES_LOCAL_STT_COMMAND",
+            "whisper {input_path} --model {model} --output_dir {output_dir} --language {language}",
+        )
+        monkeypatch.setenv("HERMES_LOCAL_STT_LANGUAGE", "en")
+
+        def fake_tempdir(prefix=None):
+            class _TempDir:
+                def __enter__(self_inner):
+                    return str(out_dir)
+
+                def __exit__(self_inner, exc_type, exc, tb):
+                    return False
+
+            return _TempDir()
+
+        def fake_run(cmd, *args, **kwargs):
+            if isinstance(cmd, list):
+                output_path = cmd[-1]
+                with open(output_path, "wb") as handle:
+                    handle.write(b"RIFF....WAVEfmt ")
+                return subprocess.CompletedProcess(cmd, 0, stdout="", stderr="")
+
+            (out_dir / "test.txt").write_text("hello from local command\n", encoding="utf-8")
+            return subprocess.CompletedProcess(cmd, 0, stdout="", stderr="")
+
+        monkeypatch.setattr("tools.transcription_tools.tempfile.TemporaryDirectory", fake_tempdir)
+        monkeypatch.setattr("tools.transcription_tools._find_ffmpeg_binary", lambda: "/opt/homebrew/bin/ffmpeg")
+        monkeypatch.setattr("tools.transcription_tools.subprocess.run", fake_run)
+
+        from tools.transcription_tools import _transcribe_local_command
+
+        result = _transcribe_local_command(sample_ogg, "base")
+
+        assert result["success"] is True
+        assert result["transcript"] == "hello from local command"
+        assert result["provider"] == "local_command"
+
+
 # ============================================================================
 # _transcribe_local — additional tests
 # ============================================================================
@@ -612,6 +686,29 @@ class TestTranscribeAudioDispatch:
         assert "faster-whisper" in result["error"]
         assert "GROQ_API_KEY" in result["error"]
 
+    def test_openai_provider_falls_back_to_local_command(self, monkeypatch, sample_ogg):
+        monkeypatch.delenv("VOICE_TOOLS_OPENAI_KEY", raising=False)
+        monkeypatch.delenv("OPENAI_API_KEY", raising=False)
+        monkeypatch.setenv(
+            "HERMES_LOCAL_STT_COMMAND",
+            "whisper {input_path} --model {model} --output_dir {output_dir} --language {language}",
+        )
+
+        with patch("tools.transcription_tools._load_stt_config", return_value={"provider": "openai"}), \
+             patch("tools.transcription_tools._HAS_FASTER_WHISPER", False), \
+             patch("tools.transcription_tools._HAS_OPENAI", True), \
+             patch("tools.transcription_tools._transcribe_local_command", return_value={
+                 "success": True,
+                 "transcript": "hello from fallback",
+                 "provider": "local_command",
+             }) as mock_local_command:
+            from tools.transcription_tools import transcribe_audio
+            result = transcribe_audio(sample_ogg)
+
+        assert result["success"] is True
+        assert result["transcript"] == "hello from fallback"
+        mock_local_command.assert_called_once_with(sample_ogg, "base")
+
     def test_invalid_file_short_circuits(self):
         from tools.transcription_tools import transcribe_audio
         result = transcribe_audio("/nonexistent/audio.wav")

tools/transcription_tools.py

@@ -25,6 +25,10 @@ Usage::
 
 import logging
 import os
+import shlex
+import shutil
+import subprocess
+import tempfile
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Optional, Dict, Any
 
@@ -44,13 +48,18 @@ _HAS_OPENAI = _ilu.find_spec("openai") is not None
 
 DEFAULT_PROVIDER = "local"
 DEFAULT_LOCAL_MODEL = "base"
+DEFAULT_LOCAL_STT_LANGUAGE = "en"
 DEFAULT_STT_MODEL = os.getenv("STT_OPENAI_MODEL", "whisper-1")
 DEFAULT_GROQ_STT_MODEL = os.getenv("STT_GROQ_MODEL", "whisper-large-v3-turbo")
+LOCAL_STT_COMMAND_ENV = "HERMES_LOCAL_STT_COMMAND"
+LOCAL_STT_LANGUAGE_ENV = "HERMES_LOCAL_STT_LANGUAGE"
+COMMON_LOCAL_BIN_DIRS = ("/opt/homebrew/bin", "/usr/local/bin")
 
 GROQ_BASE_URL = os.getenv("GROQ_BASE_URL", "https://api.groq.com/openai/v1")
 OPENAI_BASE_URL = os.getenv("STT_OPENAI_BASE_URL", "https://api.openai.com/v1")
 
 SUPPORTED_FORMATS = {".mp3", ".mp4", ".mpeg", ".mpga", ".m4a", ".wav", ".webm", ".ogg"}
+LOCAL_NATIVE_AUDIO_FORMATS = {".wav", ".aiff", ".aif"}
 MAX_FILE_SIZE = 25 * 1024 * 1024  # 25 MB
 
 # Known model sets for auto-correction
@@ -105,6 +114,53 @@ def is_stt_enabled(stt_config: Optional[dict] = None) -> bool:
     return bool(enabled)
 
 
+def _resolve_openai_api_key() -> str:
+    """Prefer the voice-tools key, but fall back to the normal OpenAI key."""
+    return os.getenv("VOICE_TOOLS_OPENAI_KEY", "") or os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY", "")
+
+
+def _find_binary(binary_name: str) -> Optional[str]:
+    """Find a local binary, checking common Homebrew/local prefixes as well as PATH."""
+    for directory in COMMON_LOCAL_BIN_DIRS:
+        candidate = Path(directory) / binary_name
+        if candidate.exists() and os.access(candidate, os.X_OK):
+            return str(candidate)
+    return shutil.which(binary_name)
+
+
+def _find_ffmpeg_binary() -> Optional[str]:
+    return _find_binary("ffmpeg")
+
+
+def _find_whisper_binary() -> Optional[str]:
+    return _find_binary("whisper")
+
+
+def _get_local_command_template() -> Optional[str]:
+    configured = os.getenv(LOCAL_STT_COMMAND_ENV, "").strip()
+    if configured:
+        return configured
+
+    whisper_binary = _find_whisper_binary()
+    if whisper_binary:
+        quoted_binary = shlex.quote(whisper_binary)
+        return (
+            f"{quoted_binary} {{input_path}} --model {{model}} --output_format txt "
+            "--output_dir {output_dir} --language {language}"
+        )
+    return None
+
+
+def _has_local_command() -> bool:
+    return _get_local_command_template() is not None
+
+
+def _normalize_local_command_model(model_name: Optional[str]) -> str:
+    if not model_name or model_name in OPENAI_MODELS or model_name in GROQ_MODELS:
+        return DEFAULT_LOCAL_MODEL
+    return model_name
+
+
 def _get_provider(stt_config: dict) -> str:
     """Determine which STT provider to use.
 
@@ -121,15 +177,32 @@ def _get_provider(stt_config: dict) -> str:
     if provider == "local":
         if _HAS_FASTER_WHISPER:
             return "local"
+        if _has_local_command():
+            logger.info("faster-whisper not installed, falling back to local STT command")
+            return "local_command"
         # Local requested but not available — fall back to groq, then openai
         if _HAS_OPENAI and os.getenv("GROQ_API_KEY"):
             logger.info("faster-whisper not installed, falling back to Groq Whisper API")
             return "groq"
-        if _HAS_OPENAI and os.getenv("VOICE_TOOLS_OPENAI_KEY"):
+        if _HAS_OPENAI and _resolve_openai_api_key():
             logger.info("faster-whisper not installed, falling back to OpenAI Whisper API")
             return "openai"
         return "none"
 
+    if provider == "local_command":
+        if _has_local_command():
+            return "local_command"
+        if _HAS_FASTER_WHISPER:
+            logger.info("Local STT command unavailable, falling back to local faster-whisper")
+            return "local"
+        if _HAS_OPENAI and os.getenv("GROQ_API_KEY"):
+            logger.info("Local STT command unavailable, falling back to Groq Whisper API")
+            return "groq"
+        if _HAS_OPENAI and _resolve_openai_api_key():
+            logger.info("Local STT command unavailable, falling back to OpenAI Whisper API")
+            return "openai"
+        return "none"
+
     if provider == "groq":
         if _HAS_OPENAI and os.getenv("GROQ_API_KEY"):
             return "groq"
@@ -137,20 +210,26 @@ def _get_provider(stt_config: dict) -> str:
         if _HAS_FASTER_WHISPER:
             logger.info("GROQ_API_KEY not set, falling back to local faster-whisper")
             return "local"
-        if _HAS_OPENAI and os.getenv("VOICE_TOOLS_OPENAI_KEY"):
+        if _has_local_command():
+            logger.info("GROQ_API_KEY not set, falling back to local STT command")
+            return "local_command"
+        if _HAS_OPENAI and _resolve_openai_api_key():
             logger.info("GROQ_API_KEY not set, falling back to OpenAI Whisper API")
             return "openai"
         return "none"
 
     if provider == "openai":
-        if _HAS_OPENAI and os.getenv("VOICE_TOOLS_OPENAI_KEY"):
+        if _HAS_OPENAI and _resolve_openai_api_key():
             return "openai"
         # OpenAI requested but no key — fall back
         if _HAS_FASTER_WHISPER:
-            logger.info("VOICE_TOOLS_OPENAI_KEY not set, falling back to local faster-whisper")
+            logger.info("OpenAI STT key not set, falling back to local faster-whisper")
             return "local"
+        if _has_local_command():
+            logger.info("OpenAI STT key not set, falling back to local STT command")
+            return "local_command"
         if _HAS_OPENAI and os.getenv("GROQ_API_KEY"):
-            logger.info("VOICE_TOOLS_OPENAI_KEY not set, falling back to Groq Whisper API")
+            logger.info("OpenAI STT key not set, falling back to Groq Whisper API")
             return "groq"
         return "none"
 
@@ -222,6 +301,89 @@ def _transcribe_local(file_path: str, model_name: str) -> Dict[str, Any]:
         logger.error("Local transcription failed: %s", e, exc_info=True)
         return {"success": False, "transcript": "", "error": f"Local transcription failed: {e}"}
 
+
+def _prepare_local_audio(file_path: str, work_dir: str) -> tuple[Optional[str], Optional[str]]:
+    """Normalize audio for local CLI STT when needed."""
+    audio_path = Path(file_path)
+    if audio_path.suffix.lower() in LOCAL_NATIVE_AUDIO_FORMATS:
+        return file_path, None
+
+    ffmpeg = _find_ffmpeg_binary()
+    if not ffmpeg:
+        return None, "Local STT fallback requires ffmpeg for non-WAV inputs, but ffmpeg was not found"
+
+    converted_path = os.path.join(work_dir, f"{audio_path.stem}.wav")
+    command = [ffmpeg, "-y", "-i", file_path, converted_path]
+
+    try:
+        subprocess.run(command, check=True, capture_output=True, text=True)
+        return converted_path, None
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
+        details = e.stderr.strip() or e.stdout.strip() or str(e)
+        logger.error("ffmpeg conversion failed for %s: %s", file_path, details)
+        return None, f"Failed to convert audio for local STT: {details}"
+
+
+def _transcribe_local_command(file_path: str, model_name: str) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    """Run the configured local STT command template and read back a .txt transcript."""
+    command_template = _get_local_command_template()
+    if not command_template:
+        return {
+            "success": False,
+            "transcript": "",
+            "error": (
+                f"{LOCAL_STT_COMMAND_ENV} not configured and no local whisper binary was found"
+            ),
+        }
+
+    language = os.getenv(LOCAL_STT_LANGUAGE_ENV, DEFAULT_LOCAL_STT_LANGUAGE)
+    normalized_model = _normalize_local_command_model(model_name)
+
+    try:
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory(prefix="hermes-local-stt-") as output_dir:
+            prepared_input, prep_error = _prepare_local_audio(file_path, output_dir)
+            if prep_error:
+                return {"success": False, "transcript": "", "error": prep_error}
+
+            command = command_template.format(
+                input_path=shlex.quote(prepared_input),
+                output_dir=shlex.quote(output_dir),
+                language=shlex.quote(language),
+                model=shlex.quote(normalized_model),
+            )
+            subprocess.run(command, shell=True, check=True, capture_output=True, text=True)
+
+            txt_files = sorted(Path(output_dir).glob("*.txt"))
+            if not txt_files:
+                return {
+                    "success": False,
+                    "transcript": "",
+                    "error": "Local STT command completed but did not produce a .txt transcript",
+                }
+
+            transcript_text = txt_files[0].read_text(encoding="utf-8").strip()
+            logger.info(
+                "Transcribed %s via local STT command (%s, %d chars)",
+                Path(file_path).name,
+                normalized_model,
+                len(transcript_text),
+            )
+            return {"success": True, "transcript": transcript_text, "provider": "local_command"}
+
+    except KeyError as e:
+        return {
+            "success": False,
+            "transcript": "",
+            "error": f"Invalid {LOCAL_STT_COMMAND_ENV} template, missing placeholder: {e}",
+        }
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
+        details = e.stderr.strip() or e.stdout.strip() or str(e)
+        logger.error("Local STT command failed for %s: %s", file_path, details)
+        return {"success": False, "transcript": "", "error": f"Local STT failed: {details}"}
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.error("Unexpected error during local command transcription: %s", e, exc_info=True)
+        return {"success": False, "transcript": "", "error": f"Local transcription failed: {e}"}
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Provider: groq (Whisper API — free tier)
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -277,9 +439,13 @@ def _transcribe_groq(file_path: str, model_name: str) -> Dict[str, Any]:
 
 def _transcribe_openai(file_path: str, model_name: str) -> Dict[str, Any]:
     """Transcribe using OpenAI Whisper API (paid)."""
-    api_key = os.getenv("VOICE_TOOLS_OPENAI_KEY")
+    api_key = _resolve_openai_api_key()
     if not api_key:
-        return {"success": False, "transcript": "", "error": "VOICE_TOOLS_OPENAI_KEY not set"}
+        return {
+            "success": False,
+            "transcript": "",
+            "error": "Neither VOICE_TOOLS_OPENAI_KEY nor OPENAI_API_KEY is set",
+        }
 
     if not _HAS_OPENAI:
         return {"success": False, "transcript": "", "error": "openai package not installed"}
@@ -363,6 +529,13 @@ def transcribe_audio(file_path: str, model: Optional[str] = None) -> Dict[str, A
         model_name = model or local_cfg.get("model", DEFAULT_LOCAL_MODEL)
         return _transcribe_local(file_path, model_name)
 
+    if provider == "local_command":
+        local_cfg = stt_config.get("local", {})
+        model_name = _normalize_local_command_model(
+            model or local_cfg.get("model", DEFAULT_LOCAL_MODEL)
+        )
+        return _transcribe_local_command(file_path, model_name)
+
     if provider == "groq":
         model_name = model or DEFAULT_GROQ_STT_MODEL
         return _transcribe_groq(file_path, model_name)
@@ -378,7 +551,8 @@ def transcribe_audio(file_path: str, model: Optional[str] = None) -> Dict[str, A
         "transcript": "",
         "error": (
             "No STT provider available. Install faster-whisper for free local "
-            "transcription, set GROQ_API_KEY for free Groq Whisper, "
+            f"transcription, configure {LOCAL_STT_COMMAND_ENV} or install a local whisper CLI, "
-            "or set VOICE_TOOLS_OPENAI_KEY for the OpenAI Whisper API."
+            "set GROQ_API_KEY for free Groq Whisper, or set VOICE_TOOLS_OPENAI_KEY "
+            "or OPENAI_API_KEY for the OpenAI Whisper API."
         ),
     }

website/docs/reference/environment-variables.md

@@ -31,7 +31,9 @@ All variables go in `~/.hermes/.env`. You can also set them with `hermes config
 | `CLAUDE_CODE_OAUTH_TOKEN` | Explicit Claude Code token override if you export one manually |
 | `HERMES_MODEL` | Preferred model name (checked before `LLM_MODEL`, used by gateway) |
 | `LLM_MODEL` | Default model name (fallback when not set in config.yaml) |
-| `VOICE_TOOLS_OPENAI_KEY` | OpenAI key for OpenAI speech-to-text and text-to-speech providers |
+| `VOICE_TOOLS_OPENAI_KEY` | Preferred OpenAI key for OpenAI speech-to-text and text-to-speech providers |
+| `HERMES_LOCAL_STT_COMMAND` | Optional local speech-to-text command template. Supports `{input_path}`, `{output_dir}`, `{language}`, and `{model}` placeholders |
+| `HERMES_LOCAL_STT_LANGUAGE` | Default language passed to `HERMES_LOCAL_STT_COMMAND` or auto-detected local `whisper` CLI fallback (default: `en`) |
 | `HERMES_HOME` | Override Hermes config directory (default: `~/.hermes`) |
 
 ## Provider Auth (OAuth)

website/docs/user-guide/features/tts.md

@@ -74,10 +74,11 @@ Voice messages sent on Telegram, Discord, WhatsApp, Slack, or Signal are automat
 | Provider | Quality | Cost | API Key |
 |----------|---------|------|---------| 
 | **Local Whisper** (default) | Good | Free | None needed |
-| **OpenAI Whisper API** | Good–Best | Paid | `VOICE_TOOLS_OPENAI_KEY` |
+| **Groq Whisper API** | Good–Best | Free tier | `GROQ_API_KEY` |
+| **OpenAI Whisper API** | Good–Best | Paid | `VOICE_TOOLS_OPENAI_KEY` or `OPENAI_API_KEY` |
 
 :::info Zero Config
-Local transcription works out of the box — no API key needed. The `faster-whisper` model (~150 MB for `base`) is auto-downloaded on first voice message.
+Local transcription works out of the box when `faster-whisper` is installed. If that's unavailable, Hermes can also use a local `whisper` CLI from common install locations (like `/opt/homebrew/bin`) or a custom command via `HERMES_LOCAL_STT_COMMAND`.
 :::
 
 ### Configuration
@@ -85,7 +86,7 @@ Local transcription works out of the box — no API key needed. The `faster-whis
 ```yaml
 # In ~/.hermes/config.yaml
 stt:
-  provider: "local"           # "local" (free, faster-whisper) | "openai" (API)
+  provider: "local"           # "local" | "groq" | "openai"
   local:
     model: "base"             # tiny, base, small, medium, large-v3
   openai:
@@ -104,11 +105,16 @@ stt:
 | `medium` | ~1.5 GB | Slower | Great |
 | `large-v3` | ~3 GB | Slowest | Best |
 
-**OpenAI API** — Requires `VOICE_TOOLS_OPENAI_KEY`. Supports `whisper-1`, `gpt-4o-mini-transcribe`, and `gpt-4o-transcribe`.
+**Groq API** — Requires `GROQ_API_KEY`. Good cloud fallback when you want a free hosted STT option.
+
+**OpenAI API** — Accepts `VOICE_TOOLS_OPENAI_KEY` first and falls back to `OPENAI_API_KEY`. Supports `whisper-1`, `gpt-4o-mini-transcribe`, and `gpt-4o-transcribe`.
+
+**Custom local CLI fallback** — Set `HERMES_LOCAL_STT_COMMAND` if you want Hermes to call a local transcription command directly. The command template supports `{input_path}`, `{output_dir}`, `{language}`, and `{model}` placeholders.
 
 ### Fallback Behavior
 
 If your configured provider isn't available, Hermes automatically falls back:
-- **Local not installed** → Falls back to OpenAI API (if key is set)
+- **Local faster-whisper unavailable** → Tries a local `whisper` CLI or `HERMES_LOCAL_STT_COMMAND` before cloud providers
-- **OpenAI key not set** → Falls back to local Whisper (if installed)
+- **Groq key not set** → Falls back to local transcription, then OpenAI
-- **Neither available** → Voice messages pass through with a note to the user
+- **OpenAI key not set** → Falls back to local transcription, then Groq
+- **Nothing available** → Voice messages pass through with an accurate note to the user